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Large Language Models (LLMs) have scaled rapidly in size and complexity, requiring increasingly intricate parallelism for distributed training, such as 3D parallelism. This sophistication motivates a shift toward simpler, more debuggable…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Youjie Li , Cheng Wan , Zhiqi Lin , Hongyu Zhu , Jiacheng Yang , Ziang Song , Xinyi Di , Jiawei Wu , Huiyao Shu , Wenlei Bao , Yanghua Peng , Haibin Lin , Li-Wen Chang

Recent methods have made notable progress in accelerating Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) by exploiting the inherent redundancy in visual inputs. Most existing approaches, however, focus narrowly on reducing image tokens before or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Lianyu Hu , Liqing Gao , Fanhua Shang , Liang Wan , Wei Feng

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in various fields, the efficiency of training and inference remains a major challenge. To address this issue, we propose SUBLLM, short for Subsampling-Upsampling-Bypass…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Quandong Wang , Yuxuan Yuan , Xiaoyu Yang , Ruike Zhang , Kang Zhao , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Daniel Povey , Bin Wang

Multivariate time series forecasting requires models to simultaneously capture variable-wise structural dependencies and generalize across diverse tasks. While structural encoders are effective in modeling feature interactions, they lack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Fengze Li , Yue Wang , Yangle Liu , Ming Huang , Dou Hong , Jieming Ma

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated satisfactory performance across various vision-language tasks. Current approaches for vision and language interaction fall into two categories:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Feipeng Ma , Yizhou Zhou , Zheyu Zhang , Shilin Yan , Hebei Li , Zilong He , Siying Wu , Fengyun Rao , Yueyi Zhang , Xiaoyan Sun

LAPS identifies and disaggregates requests with different prompt lengths in LLM serving to reduce TTFT latency. While recent systems have decoupled the prefill and decode stages to improve throughput, they still rely on unified scheduling…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Jianshu She , Zonghang Li , Hongchao Du , Shangyu Wu , Wenhao Zheng , Eric Xing , Zhengzhong Liu , Huaxiu Yao , Jason Xue , Qirong Ho

Current Video Large Language Models (Video LLMs) typically encode frames via a vision encoder and employ an autoregressive (AR) LLM for understanding and generation. However, this AR paradigm inevitably faces a dual efficiency bottleneck:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zhihao He , Tieyuan Chen , Kangyu Wang , Ziran Qin , Yang Shao , Chaofan Gan , Shijie Li , Zuxuan Wu , Weiyao Lin

Large language models operate in distinct compute-bound prefill followed by memory bandwidth-bound decode phases. Hybrid Mamba-Transformer models inherit this asymmetry while adding state space model (SSM) recurrences and element-wise…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Alish Kanani , Sangwan Lee , Han Lyu , Jiahao Lin , Jaehyun Park , Umit Y. Ogras

Large Language Models (LLMs) based on autoregressive, decoder-only Transformers generate text one token at a time, where a token represents a discrete unit of text. As each newly produced token is appended to the partial output sequence,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Dimitrios Kafetzis , Ramin Khalili , Iordanis Koutsopoulos

Large Language Models (LLMs) are primarily designed for batch processing. Existing methods for adapting LLMs to streaming rely either on expensive re-encoding or specialized architectures with limited scalability. This work identifies three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Junlong Tong , Jinlan Fu , Zixuan Lin , Yingqi Fan , Anhao Zhao , Hui Su , Xiaoyu Shen

Transformer-based NLP models are powerful but have high computational costs that limit deployment. Finetuned encoder-decoder models are popular in specialized domains and can outperform larger more generalized decoder-only models, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Bo-Ru Lu , Nikita Haduong , Chien-Yu Lin , Hao Cheng , Noah A. Smith , Mari Ostendorf

Long-term time-series forecasting is essential for planning and decision-making in economics, energy, and transportation, where long foresight is required. To obtain such long foresight, models must be both efficient and effective in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Chao Ma , Yikai Hou , Xiang Li , Yinggang Sun , Haining Yu , Zhou Fang , Jiaxing Qu

Large language models (LLMs) have increasingly been explored as powerful text embedders. Existing LLM-based text embedding approaches often leverage the embedding of the final token, typically a reserved special token such as [EOS].…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Chang Su , Dengliang Shi , Siyuan Huang , Jintao Du , Changhua Meng , Yu Cheng , Weiqiang Wang , Zhouhan Lin

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable advances by integrating text, image, and audio understanding within a unified architecture. However, existing distributed training frameworks remain fundamentally data-blind:…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Hyeonjun An , Sihyun Kim , Chaerim Lim , Hyunjoon Kim , Rathijit Sen , Sangmin Jung , Hyeonsoo Lee , Dongwook Kim , Takki Yu , Jinkyu Jeong , Youngsok Kim , Kwanghyun Park

Large language model (LLM) inference often suffers from high decoding latency and limited scalability across heterogeneous edge-cloud environments. Existing speculative decoding (SD) techniques accelerate token generation but remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Fengze Yu , Leshu Li , Brad McDanel , Sai Qian Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit exceptional performance across a wide range of tasks; however, their token-by-token autoregressive generation process significantly hinders inference speed. Speculative decoding presents a promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Kai Lv , Honglin Guo , Qipeng Guo , Xipeng Qiu

The rapid rise of large language models (LLMs) in text streaming services has introduced significant cost and Quality of Experience (QoE) challenges in serving millions of daily requests, especially in meeting Time-To-First-Token (TTFT) and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ting Sun , Penghan Wang , Fan Lai

Large language models and large multimodal models (LLMs and LMMs) deliver strong generative performance but suffer from slow decoding, a problem that becomes more severe when handling visual inputs, whose sequences typically contain many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Zihua Wang , Ruibo Li , Haozhe Du , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Yu Zhang , Xu Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) show great capabilities in a wide range of applications, but serving them efficiently becomes increasingly challenging as requests (prompts) become more complex. Context caching improves serving performance by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Junhao Hu , Wenrui Huang , Weidong Wang , Haoyi Wang , Tiancheng Hu , Qin Zhang , Hao Feng , Xusheng Chen , Yizhou Shan , Tao Xie

Efficiently serving embedding-based recommendation (EMR) models remains a significant challenge due to their increasingly large memory requirements. Today's practice splits the model across many monolithic servers, where a mix of GPUs,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Yibo Huang , Zhenning Yang , Jiarong Xing , Yi Dai , Yiming Qiu , Dingming Wu , Fan Lai , Ang Chen