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The rapid rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) has been accompanied by an equally rapid increase of benchmarks used to assess them. However, due to both improved model competence resulting from scaling and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 İbrahim Ethem Deveci , Duygu Ataman

As large language models (LLMs) become integral to code-related tasks, a central question emerges: Do LLMs truly understand program semantics? We introduce EquiBench, a new benchmark for evaluating LLMs through equivalence checking, i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Anjiang Wei , Jiannan Cao , Ran Li , Hongyu Chen , Yuhui Zhang , Ziheng Wang , Yuan Liu , Thiago S. F. X. Teixeira , Diyi Yang , Ke Wang , Alex Aiken

Language serves as a vehicle for conveying thought, enabling communication among individuals. The ability to distinguish between diverse concepts, identify fairness and injustice, and comprehend a range of legal notions fundamentally relies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Ha-Thanh Nguyen , Wachara Fungwacharakorn , Ken Satoh

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed for knowledge synthesis, yet their capacity for compositional generalization in scientific knowledge remains under-characterized. Existing benchmarks primarily focus on single-turn…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Gong Zhiren , Tiantong Wu , Jiaming Zhang , Fuyao Zhang , Che Wang , Yurong Hao , Yikun Hou , Foo Ping , Yilei Zhao , Fei Huang , Chau Yuen , Wei Yang Bryan Lim

This paper investigates the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in formulating and solving decision-making problems using mathematical programming. We first conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of recent literature to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mohammad J. Abdel-Rahman , Yasmeen Alslman , Dania Refai , Amro Saleh , Malik A. Abu Loha , Mohammad Yahya Hamed

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have showcased significant improvements in mathematics. However, traditional math benchmarks like GSM8k offer a unidimensional perspective, falling short in providing a holistic assessment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Hongwei Liu , Zilong Zheng , Yuxuan Qiao , Haodong Duan , Zhiwei Fei , Fengzhe Zhou , Wenwei Zhang , Songyang Zhang , Dahua Lin , Kai Chen

Large language models (LLMs) famously exhibit emergent in-context learning (ICL) -- the ability to rapidly adapt to new tasks using few-shot examples provided as a prompt, without updating the model's weights. Built on top of LLMs, vision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Yongshuo Zong , Ondrej Bohdal , Timothy Hospedales

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at recognizing individual visual elements and reasoning over simple linear diagrams. However, when faced with complex topological structures involving branching paths, converging flows, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Qiang Xu , Shengyuan Bai , Yu Wang , He Cao , Leqing Chen , Yuanyuan Liu , Bin Feng , Zijing Liu , Yu Li

While Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve near-human performance on standard benchmarks, their capabilities often fail to generalize to complex, real-world problems. To bridge this gap, we introduce DeepQuestion, a scalable, automated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Ali Khoramfar , Ali Ramezani , Mohammad Mahdi Mohajeri , Mohammad Javad Dousti , Majid Nili Ahmadabadi , Heshaam Faili

Large language models (LLMs) have proven to be highly effective for solving complex reasoning tasks. Surprisingly, their capabilities can often be improved by iterating on previously generated solutions. In this context, a reasoning plan…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 MohammadHossein Bateni , Vincent Cohen-Addad , Yuzhou Gu , Silvio Lattanzi , Simon Meierhans , Christopher Mohri

While large language models (LLMs) can solve PhD-level reasoning problems over long context inputs, they still struggle with a seemingly simpler task: following explicit length instructions-e.g., write a 10,000-word novel. Additionally,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Wei Zhang , Zhenhong Zhou , Kun Wang , Junfeng Fang , Yuanhe Zhang , Rui Wang , Ge Zhang , Xavier Li , Li Sun , Lingjuan Lyu , Yang Liu , Sen Su

Current Large Language Models (LLMs) are unparalleled in their ability to generate grammatically correct, fluent text. LLMs are appearing rapidly, and debates on LLM capacities have taken off, but reflection is lagging behind. Thus, in this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Bram M. A. van Dijk , Tom Kouwenhoven , Marco R. Spruit , Max J. van Duijn

With the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly impacted a wide array of domains, including healthcare, engineering, science, education, and mathematical reasoning. Among these,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Afrar Jahin , Arif Hassan Zidan , Wei Zhang , Yu Bao , Tianming Liu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are increasingly applied in real-world scenarios where user-provided images are often imperfect, requiring active image manipulations such as cropping, editing, or enhancement to uncover salient…

Large Language Models have shown tremendous performance on a large variety of natural language processing tasks, ranging from text comprehension to common sense reasoning. However, the mechanisms responsible for this success remain opaque,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Gaël Gendron , Qiming Bao , Michael Witbrock , Gillian Dobbie

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for many AI problems and exhibit remarkable in-context learning (ICL) capabilities. Compositional ability, solving unseen complex tasks that combine two or more simple tasks, is an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Zhuoyan Xu , Zhenmei Shi , Yingyu Liang

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, yet aligning them efficiently and effectively with human expectations remains a critical challenge. This thesis advances LLM alignment by introducing novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yuxin Jiang

Problem-solving has been a fundamental driver of human progress in numerous domains. With advancements in artificial intelligence, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools capable of tackling complex problems across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Da Zheng , Lun Du , Junwei Su , Yuchen Tian , Yuqi Zhu , Jintian Zhang , Lanning Wei , Ningyu Zhang , Huajun Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly evolving and impacting various fields, necessitating the development of effective methods to evaluate and compare their performance. Most current approaches for performance evaluation are either…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Behrad Moniri , Hamed Hassani , Edgar Dobriban

Large language models (LLMs) with billions of parameters exhibit in-context learning abilities, enabling few-shot learning on tasks that the model was not specifically trained for. Traditional models achieve breakthrough performance on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Aske Plaat , Annie Wong , Suzan Verberne , Joost Broekens , Niki van Stein , Thomas Back
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