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Multimodal Multi-hop question answering requires integrating information from diverse sources, such as images and texts, to derive answers. Existing methods typically rely on sequential retrieval and reasoning, where each step builds on the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yiheng Hu , Xiaoyang Wang , Qing Liu , Xiwei Xu , Qian Fu , Wenjie Zhang , Liming Zhu

Multi-hop question generation (MQG) aims to generate complex questions which require reasoning over multiple pieces of information of the input passage. Most existing work on MQG has focused on exploring graph-based networks to equip the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Dan Su , Peng Xu , Pascale Fung

Recent progress in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has led to more accurate and interpretable multi-hop question answering (QA). Yet, challenges persist in integrating iterative reasoning steps with external knowledge retrieval. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Tengjun Ni , Xin Yuan , Shenghong Li , Kai Wu , Ren Ping Liu , Wei Ni , Wenjie Zhang

Knowledge retrieval and reasoning are two key stages in multi-hop question answering (QA) at web scale. Existing approaches suffer from low confidence when retrieving evidence facts to fill the knowledge gap and lack transparent reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Weiwen Xu , Huihui Zhang , Deng Cai , Wai Lam

When answering complex questions, people can seamlessly combine information from visual, textual and tabular sources. While interest in models that reason over multiple pieces of evidence has surged in recent years, there has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Alon Talmor , Ori Yoran , Amnon Catav , Dan Lahav , Yizhong Wang , Akari Asai , Gabriel Ilharco , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Jonathan Berant

Asking questions from natural language text has attracted increasing attention recently, and several schemes have been proposed with promising results by asking the right question words and copy relevant words from the input to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Xiyao Ma , Qile Zhu , Yanlin Zhou , Xiaolin Li , Dapeng Wu

General Question Answering (QA) systems over texts require the multi-hop reasoning capability, i.e. the ability to reason with information collected from multiple passages to derive the answer. In this paper we conduct a systematic analysis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-01 Haoyu Wang , Mo Yu , Xiaoxiao Guo , Rajarshi Das , Wenhan Xiong , Tian Gao

Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) aims to answer user-questions from a knowledge graph (KG) by identifying the reasoning relations between topic entity and answer. As a complex branch task of KGQA, multi-hop KGQA requires reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Weiqiang Jin , Biao Zhao , Hang Yu , Xi Tao , Ruiping Yin , Guizhong Liu

The growing complexity of factual claims in real-world scenarios presents significant challenges for automated fact verification systems, particularly in accurately aggregating and reasoning over multi-hop evidence. Existing approaches…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Liwen Zheng , Chaozhuo Li , Haoran Jia , Xi Zhang

Knowledge-based visual question answering (QA) aims to answer a question which requires visually-grounded external knowledge beyond image content itself. Answering complex questions that require multi-hop reasoning under weak supervision is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Yu-Jung Heo , Eun-Sol Kim , Woo Suk Choi , Byoung-Tak Zhang

Multi-hop Knowledge Base Question Answering(KBQA) aims to find the answer entity in a knowledge graph (KG), which requires multiple steps of reasoning. Existing retrieval-based approaches solve this task by concentrating on the specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Haowei Du , Quzhe Huang , Chen Li , Chen Zhang , Yang Li , Dongyan Zhao

Multi-hop Question Answering (QA) requires the machine to answer complex questions by finding scattering clues and reasoning from multiple documents. Graph Network (GN) and Question Decomposition (QD) are two common approaches at present.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Jiawei Li , Mucheng Ren , Yang Gao , Yizhe Yang

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is concerned with answering free-form questions about an image. Since it requires a deep semantic and linguistic understanding of the question and the ability to associate it with various objects that are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Rajat Koner , Hang Li , Marcel Hildebrandt , Deepan Das , Volker Tresp , Stephan Günnemann

State-of-the-art approaches to reasoning and question answering over knowledge graphs (KGs) usually scale with the number of edges and can only be applied effectively on small instance-dependent subgraphs. In this paper, we address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Mattia Atzeni , Jasmina Bogojeska , Andreas Loukas

Recent generative approaches for multi-hop question answering (QA) utilize the fusion-in-decoder method~\cite{izacard-grave-2021-leveraging} to generate a single sequence output which includes both a final answer and a reasoning path taken…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Gowtham Ramesh , Makesh Sreedhar , Junjie Hu

In order to facilitate natural language understanding, the key is to engage commonsense or background knowledge. However, how to engage commonsense effectively in question answering systems is still under exploration in both research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Qianglong Chen , Feng Ji , Haiqing Chen , Yin Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have excelled in multi-hop question-answering (M-QA) due to their advanced reasoning abilities. However, the impact of the inherent reasoning structures on LLM M-QA performance remains unclear, largely due to…

Multi-hop Question Generation (QG) aims to generate answer-related questions by aggregating and reasoning over multiple scattered evidence from different paragraphs. It is a more challenging yet under-explored task compared to conventional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Dan Su , Yan Xu , Wenliang Dai , Ziwei Ji , Tiezheng Yu , Pascale Fung

Question Answering for complex questions is often modeled as a graph construction or traversal task, where a solver must build or traverse a graph of facts that answer and explain a given question. This "multi-hop" inference has been shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-30 Peter Jansen

Answering natural language questions on knowledge graphs (KGQA) remains a great challenge in terms of understanding complex questions via multi-hop reasoning. Previous efforts usually exploit large-scale entity-related text corpora or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Zile Qiao , Wei Ye , Tong Zhang , Tong Mo , Weiping Li , Shikun Zhang