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The growing integration of vision-language models (VLMs) in medical applications offers promising support for diagnostic reasoning. However, current medical VLMs often face limitations in generalization, transparency, and computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Tan-Hanh Pham , Chris Ngo

Traditional post-training quantization (PTQ) is considered an effective approach to reduce model size and accelerate inference of large-scale language models (LLMs). However, existing low-rank PTQ methods require costly fine-tuning to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Hongyaoxing Gul , Lijuan Hu , Shuzi Niu , Fangfang Liu

As large language models (LLMs) grow in size, efficient compression techniques like quantization and sparsification are critical. While quantization maintains performance with reduced precision, structured sparsity methods, such as N:M…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Egor Maximov , Yulia Kuzkina , Azamat Kanametov , Alexander Prutko , Aleksei Goncharov , Maxim Zhelnin , Egor Shvetsov

Robust matrix factorization (RMF), which uses the $\ell_1$-loss, often outperforms standard matrix factorization using the $\ell_2$-loss, particularly when outliers are present. The state-of-the-art RMF solver is the RMF-MM algorithm,…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2018-09-25 Quanming Yao , James T. Kwok

The recent rise of large language models (LLMs) has resulted in increased efforts towards running LLMs at reduced precision. Running LLMs at lower precision supports resource constraints and furthers their democratization, enabling users to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Lakshmi Nair , Mikhail Bernadskiy , Arulselvan Madhavan , Craig Chan , Ayon Basumallik , Darius Bunandar

Concept Factorization (CF) and its variants may produce inaccurate representation and clustering results due to the sensitivity to noise, hard constraint on the reconstruction error and pre-obtained approximate similarities. To improve the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Zhao Zhang , Yan Zhang , Sheng Li , Guangcan Liu , Dan Zeng , Shuicheng Yan , Meng Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) for large language models (LLMs) is increasingly bottlenecked by rollout (generation), where long output sequence lengths make attention and KV-cache memory dominate end-to-end step time. FP8 offers an attractive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Zhaopeng Qiu , Shuang Yu , Jingqi Zhang , Shuai Zhang , Xue Huang , Jingyi Yang , Junjie Lai

Current quantization methods for LLMs predominantly rely on block-wise structures to maintain efficiency, often at the cost of representational flexibility. In this work, we demonstrate that element-wise quantization can be made as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Pingzhi Tang , Ruijie Zhou , Fanxu Meng , Wenjie Pei , Muhan Zhang

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable performance on vision generation tasks. However, the high computational complexity hinders its wide application on edge devices. Quantization has emerged as a promising technique for inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Weilun Feng , Chuanguang Yang , Haotong Qin , Yuqi Li , Xiangqi Li , Zhulin An , Libo Huang , Boyu Diao , Fuzhen Zhuang , Michele Magno , Yongjun Xu , Yingli Tian , Tingwen Huang

The growth of long-context Large Language Models (LLMs) significantly increases memory and bandwidth pressure during autoregressive decoding due to the expanding Key-Value (KV) cache. While accuracy-preserving KV-cache quantization (e.g.,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Dayou Du , Shijie Cao , Jianyi Cheng , Luo Mai , Ting Cao , Mao Yang

Existing periodic activation-based implicit neural representation (INR) networks, such as SIREN and FINER, suffer from hidden feature redundancy, where neurons within a layer capture overlapping frequency components due to the use of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Mohammed Alsakabi , Wael Mobeirek , John M. Dolan , Ozan K. Tonguz

The high memory consumption and computational costs of Recurrent neural network language models (RNNLMs) limit their wider application on resource constrained devices. In recent years, neural network quantization techniques that are capable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Junhao Xu , Xie Chen , Shoukang Hu , Jianwei Yu , Xunying Liu , Helen Meng

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various kinds of tasks, while the billion or even trillion parameters bring storage and efficiency bottlenecks for inference. Quantization, particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Mengtao Lv , Ruiqi Zhu , Xinyu Wang , Yun Li

KV-cache memory is a major bottleneck in real-world LLM serving, where systems must simultaneously support latency-sensitive small-batch requests and high-throughput concurrent workloads. Although many KV-cache compression methods improve…

Language Models (LLMs) are often quantized to lower precision to reduce the memory cost and latency in inference. However, quantization often degrades model performance, thus fine-tuning is required for various down-stream tasks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Jiajun Zhou , Yifan Yang , Kai Zhen , Ziyue Liu , Yequan Zhao , Ershad Banijamali , Athanasios Mouchtaris , Ngai Wong , Zheng Zhang

Despite the widespread use of LLMs due to their superior performance in various tasks, their high computational costs often lead potential users to opt for the pretraining-finetuning pipeline. However, biases prevalent in manually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Shuo Yang , Bardh Prenkaj , Gjergji Kasneci

Efficient transformer variants with linear time complexity have been developed to mitigate the quadratic computational overhead of the vanilla transformer. Among them are low-rank projection methods such as Linformer and kernel-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Yizhe Zhang , Deng Cai

Recent advances in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) have initiated a new era in repository-level code completion. However, the invariable use of retrieval in existing methods exposes issues in both efficiency and robustness, with a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Di Wu , Wasi Uddin Ahmad , Dejiao Zhang , Murali Krishna Ramanathan , Xiaofei Ma

KV cache quantization reduces the memory cost of long-context LLM inference, but introduces approximation error that is typically validated only empirically. Existing systems rely on average-case robustness, with no mechanism to detect or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Dean Calver

An increasing number of vision-language tasks can be handled with little to no training, i.e., in a zero and few-shot manner, by marrying large language models (LLMs) to vision encoders, resulting in large vision-language models (LVLMs).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Archiki Prasad , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Mohit Bansal