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Zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD) enables identifying and localizing defects in unseen categories by relying solely on generalizable features rather than requiring any labeled examples of anomalies. However, existing ZSAD methods, whether…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Zihan Wang , Samira Ebrahimi Kahou , Narges Armanfard

Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection (ZSAD) aims to detect anomalies in unseen domains without target-domain adaptation. Recent CLIP-based methods have shown promising performance by leveraging prompt learning and visual-text alignment. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xinyu Zhao , Qingyun Sun , Jiayi Luo , Jianxin Li

Image Anomaly Detection has been a challenging task in Computer Vision field. The advent of Vision-Language models, particularly the rise of CLIP-based frameworks, has opened new avenues for zero-shot anomaly detection. Recent studies have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Zhaoxiang Zhang , Hanqiu Deng , Jinan Bao , Xingyu Li

This paper considers zero-shot Anomaly Detection (AD), performing AD without reference images of the test objects. We propose a framework called CLIP-AD to leverage the zero-shot capabilities of the large vision-language model CLIP.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Xuhai Chen , Jiangning Zhang , Guanzhong Tian , Haoyang He , Wuhao Zhang , Yabiao Wang , Chengjie Wang , Yong Liu

The CLIP model's outstanding generalization has driven recent success in Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection (ZSAD) for detecting anomalies in unseen categories. The core challenge in ZSAD is to specialize the model for anomaly detection tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Jun Yeong Park , JunYoung Seo , Minji Kang , Yu Rang Park

In industrial anomaly detection (IAD), accurately identifying defects amidst diverse anomalies and under varying imaging conditions remains a significant challenge. Traditional approaches often struggle with high false-positive rates,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yurui Pan , Lidong Wang , Yuchao Chen , Wenbing Zhu , Bo Peng , Mingmin Chi

Vision-language models have recently shown strong generalization in zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD), enabling the detection of unseen anomalies without task-specific supervision. However, existing approaches typically rely on fixed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Peng Chen , Chao Huang

Enhancing the alignment between text and image features in the CLIP model is a critical challenge in zero-shot industrial anomaly detection tasks. Recent studies predominantly utilize specific category prompts during pretraining, which can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yanning Hou , Yanran Ruan , Junfa Li , Shanshan Wang , Jianfeng Qiu , Ke Xu

Recently, vision-language models (e.g. CLIP) have demonstrated remarkable performance in zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD). By leveraging auxiliary data during training, these models can directly perform cross-category anomaly detection on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Zhen Qu , Xian Tao , Xinyi Gong , Shichen Qu , Qiyu Chen , Zhengtao Zhang , Xingang Wang , Guiguang Ding

An innovative few-shot anomaly detection approach is presented, leveraging the pre-trained CLIP model for medical data, and adapting it for both image-level anomaly classification (AC) and pixel-level anomaly segmentation (AS). A…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Mahshid Shiri , Cigdem Beyan , Vittorio Murino

Anomaly Detection involves identifying deviations from normal data distributions and is critical in fields such as medical diagnostics and industrial defect detection. Traditional AD methods typically require the availability of normal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Alireza Salehi , Mohammadreza Salehi , Reshad Hosseini , Cees G. M. Snoek , Makoto Yamada , Mohammad Sabokrou

Zero-shot 3D (ZS-3D) anomaly detection aims to identify defects in 3D objects without relying on labeled training data, making it especially valuable in scenarios constrained by data scarcity, privacy, or high annotation cost. However, most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Gang Li , Tianjiao Chen , Mingle Zhou , Min Li , Delong Han , Jin Wan

Recent advancements in large-scale visual-language pre-trained models have led to significant progress in zero-/few-shot anomaly detection within natural image domains. However, the substantial domain divergence between natural and medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Chaoqin Huang , Aofan Jiang , Jinghao Feng , Ya Zhang , Xinchao Wang , Yanfeng Wang

Zero-shot (ZS) 3D anomaly detection is a crucial yet unexplored field that addresses scenarios where target 3D training samples are unavailable due to practical concerns like privacy protection. This paper introduces PointAD, a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Qihang Zhou , Jiangtao Yan , Shibo He , Wenchao Meng , Jiming Chen

With the increasing adoption of video anomaly detection in intelligent surveillance domains, conventional visual-based detection approaches often struggle with information insufficiency and high false-positive rates in complex environments.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Peng Wu , Wanshun Su , Guansong Pang , Yujia Sun , Qingsen Yan , Peng Wang , Yanning Zhang

Universal visual anomaly detection aims to identify anomalies from novel or unseen vision domains without additional fine-tuning, which is critical in open scenarios. Recent studies have demonstrated that pre-trained vision-language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Bin-Bin Gao , Yue Zhou , Jiangtao Yan , Yuezhi Cai , Weixi Zhang , Meng Wang , Jun Liu , Yong Liu , Lei Wang , Chengjie Wang

Fine-grained anomaly detection is crucial in industrial and medical applications, but labeled anomalies are often scarce, making zero-shot detection challenging. While vision-language models like CLIP offer promising solutions, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Ming Hu , Yongsheng Huo , Mingyu Dou , Jianfu Yin , Peng Zhao , Yao Wang , Cong Hu , Bingliang Hu , Quan Wang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs), particularly CLIP, have revolutionized anomaly detection by enabling zero-shot and few-shot defect identification without extensive labeled datasets. By learning aligned representations of images and text,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Mohit Kakda , Mirudula Shri Muthukumaran , Uttapreksha Patel , Lawrence Swaminathan Xavier Prince

Pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) struggle with Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection (ZSAD) due to a critical adaptation gap: they lack the local inductive biases required for dense prediction and employ inflexible feature fusion paradigms.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Ke Ma , Jun Long , Hongxiao Fei , Liujie Hua , Zhen Dai , Yueyi Luo

Recently, large vision and language models have shown their success when adapting them to many downstream tasks. In this paper, we present a unified framework named CLIP-ADA for Anomaly Detection by Adapting a pre-trained CLIP model. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Yuxuan Cai , Xinwei He , Dingkang Liang , Ao Tong , Xiang Bai