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We present a new family of quantum low-density parity-check codes, which we call radial codes, obtained from the lifted product of a specific subset of classical quasi-cyclic codes. The codes are defined using a pair of integers $(r,s)$ and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Thomas R. Scruby , Timo Hillmann , Joschka Roffe

Quantum error-correcting codes protect fragile quantum information by encoding it redundantly, but identifying codes that perform well in practice with minimal overhead remains difficult due to the combinatorial search space and the high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Yihua Chengyu , Richard Meister , Conor Carty , Sheng-Ku Lin , Roberto Bondesan

Rotation symmetric bosonic codes are an attractive encoding for qubits into oscillator degrees of freedom, particularly in superconducting qubit experiments. While these codes can tolerate considerable loss and dephasing, they will need to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-30 Juliette Soule , Andrew C. Doherty , Arne L. Grimsmo

A quantum error correction code is assessed over its ability to correct errors in noisy quantum circuits. This task requires extensive simulations of faulty quantum circuits, which are often made tractable by considering stochastic Pauli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Francesco Pio Barone , Daniel Jaschke , Ilaria Siloi , Simone Montangero

We introduce Noise Recycling, a method that enhances decoding performance of channels subject to correlated noise without joint decoding. The method can be used with any combination of codes, code-rates and decoding techniques. In the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Alejandro Cohen , Amit Solomon , Ken R. Duffy , Muriel Médard

Quantum error correction is a critical component for scaling up quantum computing. Given a quantum code, an optimal decoder maps the measured code violations to the most likely error that occurred, but its cost scales exponentially with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-18 Evgenii Egorov , Roberto Bondesan , Max Welling

Quantum error correction is expected to be essential in large-scale quantum technologies. However, the substantial overhead of qubits it requires is thought to greatly limit its utility in smaller, near-term devices. Here we introduce a new…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-20 David Layden , Mo Chen , Paola Cappellaro

In this work, we study the task of encoding logical information via a noisy quantum circuit. It is known that at superlogarithmic depth, the output of any noisy circuit without reset gates or intermediate measurements becomes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Jon Nelson , Joel Rajakumar , Michael J. Gullans

Typical studies of quantum error correction assume probabilistic Pauli noise, largely because it is relatively easy to analyze and simulate. Consequently, the effective logical noise due to physically realistic coherent errors is relatively…

We examine regular and irregular repeat-accumulate (RA) codes with repetition degrees which are all even. For these codes and with a particular choice of an interleaver, we give an upper bound on the decoding error probability of a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-02-22 Idan Goldenberg , David Burshtein

Studies of quantum error correction (QEC) typically focus on stochastic Pauli errors because the existence of a threshold error rate below which stochastic Pauli errors can be corrected implies that there exists a threshold below which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-27 Stefanie J. Beale , Joel J. Wallman

Real-time decoding of quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for enabling fault-tolerant quantum computation. A practical decoder must operate with high accuracy at low latency, while remaining robust to spatial and temporal variations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-23 Samuel Stein , Shuwen Kan , Chenxu Liu , Adrian Harkness , Sean Garner , Zefan Du , Yufei Ding , Ying Mao , Ang Li

Characterizing the error sources of quantum devices is essential for building reliable large-scale quantum architectures and tailoring error correction codes to the noise profile of the devices. Tomography techniques can provide detailed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-30 Evangelia Takou , Kenneth R. Brown

We describe two implementations of the optimal error correction algorithm known as the maximum likelihood decoder (MLD) for the 2D surface code with a noiseless syndrome extraction. First, we show how to implement MLD exactly in time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-01 Sergey Bravyi , Martin Suchara , Alexander Vargo

Errors in surface code have typically been decoded by Minimum Weight Perfect Matching (MWPM) based method. Recently, neural-network-based Machine Learning (ML) techniques have been employed for this purpose. Here we propose a two-level (low…

This paper investigates quantum error correction schemes for fully-correlated noise channels on an $n$-qubit system, where error operators take the form $W^{\otimes n}$, with $W$ being an arbitrary $2\times 2$ unitary operator. In previous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-30 Chi-Kwong Li , Yuqiao Li , Diane Christine Pelejo , Sage Stanish

We investigate the usage of highly efficient error correcting codes of multilevel systems to protect encoded quantum information from erasure errors and implementation to repetitively correct these errors. Our scheme makes use of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-23 Sreraman Muralidharan , Chang-Ling Zou , Linshu Li , Jianming Wen , Liang Jiang

Different choices of quantum error-correcting codes can reduce the demands on the physical hardware needed to build a quantum computer. To achieve the full potential of a code, we must develop practical decoding algorithms that can correct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-18 Zohar Schwartzman-Nowik , Benjamin J. Brown

Topological quantum error-correcting codes are a promising candidate for building fault-tolerant quantum computers. Decoding topological codes optimally, however, is known to be a computationally hard problem. Various decoders have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-01 Milap Sheth , Sara Zafar Jafarzadeh , Vlad Gheorghiu

We map the decoding problem of the surface code under depolarizing and syndrome noise to a disordered spin model, which we call the random coupled-plaquette gauge model (RCPGM). By coupling X- and Z-syndrome volumes, this model allows us to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-19 Manuel Rispler , Davide Vodola , Markus Müller , Seyong Kim