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The capacity of an embodied agent to understand, predict, and interact with its environment is fundamentally contingent on an internal world model. This paper introduces a novel framework for investigating the formation and adaptation of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Brennen Hill

Imitation learning has emerged as a promising approach towards building generalist robots. However, scaling imitation learning for large robot foundation models remains challenging due to its reliance on high-quality expert demonstrations.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Chuning Zhu , Raymond Yu , Siyuan Feng , Benjamin Burchfiel , Paarth Shah , Abhishek Gupta

Simulation is a foundational tool for the analysis and testing of cyber-physical systems (CPS), underpinning activities such as algorithm development, runtime monitoring, and system verification. As CPS grow in complexity and scale,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Quinn Thibeault , Giulia Pedrielli

World models play a crucial role in understanding and predicting the dynamics of the world, which is essential for video generation. However, existing world models are confined to specific scenarios such as gaming or driving, limiting their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Xiaofeng Wang , Zheng Zhu , Guan Huang , Boyuan Wang , Xinze Chen , Jiwen Lu

The development of artificial intelligence systems is transitioning from creating static, task-specific models to dynamic, agent-based systems capable of performing well in a wide range of applications. We propose an Interactive Agent…

The fundamental goal of artificial intelligence (AI) is to mimic the core cognitive activities of human. Despite tremendous success in the AI research, most of existing methods have only single-cognitive ability. To overcome this limitation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Nanyi Fei , Zhiwu Lu , Yizhao Gao , Guoxing Yang , Yuqi Huo , Jingyuan Wen , Haoyu Lu , Ruihua Song , Xin Gao , Tao Xiang , Hao Sun , Ji-Rong Wen

The next generation of autonomous agents must not only learn efficiently but also act reliably and adapt their behavior in open worlds. Standard approaches typically assume fixed tasks and environments with little or no novelty, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Florent Delgrange

Large pre-trained models, also known as foundation models (FMs), are trained in a task-agnostic manner on large-scale data and can be adapted to a wide range of downstream tasks by fine-tuning, few-shot, or even zero-shot learning. Despite…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Gengchen Mai , Weiming Huang , Jin Sun , Suhang Song , Deepak Mishra , Ninghao Liu , Song Gao , Tianming Liu , Gao Cong , Yingjie Hu , Chris Cundy , Ziyuan Li , Rui Zhu , Ni Lao

A world model creates a surrogate world to train a controller and predict safety violations by learning the internal dynamic model of systems. However, the existing world models rely solely on statistical learning of how observations change…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Zhenjiang Mao , Siqi Dai , Yuang Geng , Ivan Ruchkin

Identifying predictive world models for robots in novel environments from sparse online observations is essential for robot task planning and execution in novel environments. However, existing methods that leverage differentiable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yifan Zhu , Tianyi Xiang , Aaron Dollar , Zherong Pan

Recent progress in 3D reconstruction has made it easy to create realistic digital twins from everyday environments. However, current digital twins remain largely static and are limited to navigation and view synthesis without embodied…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Byungjun Kim , Taeksoo Kim , Junyoung Lee , Hanbyul Joo

To serve as a scalable data source for embodied AI, world models should act as true simulators that infer interaction dynamics strictly from user actions, rather than mere conditional video generators relying on privileged future object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Dayou Li , Lulin Liu , Bangya Liu , Shijie Zhou , Jiu Feng , Ziqi Lu , Minghui Zheng , Chenyu You , Zhiwen Fan

Deep learning-based methods have been widely researched in the areas of language and vision, demonstrating their capacity to understand long sequences of data and their usefulness in numerous helio-physics applications. Foundation models…

Foundation Models (FMs) have shown impressive performance on various text and image processing tasks. They can generalize across domains and datasets in a zero-shot setting. This could make them suitable for automated quality inspection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Simon Baeuerle , Pratik Khanna , Nils Friederich , Angelo Jovin Yamachui Sitcheu , Damir Shakirov , Andreas Steimer , Ralf Mikut

From self-supervised, vision-only models to contrastive visual-language frameworks, computational pathology has rapidly evolved in recent years. Generative AI "co-pilots" now demonstrate the ability to mine subtle, sub-visual tissue cues…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Mohsin Bilal , Aadam , Manahil Raza , Youssef Altherwy , Anas Alsuhaibani , Abdulrahman Abduljabbar , Fahdah Almarshad , Paul Golding , Nasir Rajpoot

Robotic world models are a promising paradigm for forecasting future environment states, yet their inference speed and the physical plausibility of generated trajectories remain critical bottlenecks, limiting their real-world applications.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Sibo Li , Qianyue Hao , Yu Shang , Yong Li

Significant progress in the development of highly adaptable and reusable Artificial Intelligence (AI) models is expected to have a significant impact on Earth science and remote sensing. Foundation models are pre-trained on large unlabeled…

Action-conditioned robot world models generate future video frames of the manipulated scene given a robot action sequence, offering a promising alternative for simulating tasks that are difficult to model with traditional physics engines.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Jai Bardhan , Patrik Drozdik , Josef Sivic , Vladimir Petrik

Purpose: Digital twins are virtual interactive models of the real world, exhibiting identical behavior and properties. In surgical applications, computational analysis from digital twins can be used, for example, to enhance situational…

Video foundation models achieve strong performance across many video understanding tasks, but typically require large-scale pre-training on massive video datasets, resulting in substantial data and compute costs. In contrast, modern image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Svetlana Orlova , Niccolò Cavagnero , Gijs Dubbelman