English
Related papers

Related papers: Entropy-Guided Attention for Private LLMs

200 papers

The surge of state-of-the-art Transformer-based models has undoubtedly pushed the limits of NLP model performance, excelling in a variety of tasks. We cast the spotlight on the underexplored task of Natural Language Inference (NLI), since…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Alexandros Koulakos , Maria Lymperaiou , Giorgos Filandrianos , Giorgos Stamou

Test-time compute has led to remarkable success in the large language model (LLM) community, particularly for complex tasks, where longer chains of thought (CoTs) are generated to enhance reasoning capabilities. However, growing evidence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Chenxu Yang , Qingyi Si , Mz Dai , Dingyu Yao , Mingyu Zheng , Minghui Chen , Zheng Lin , Weiping Wang

Natural language processing (NLP) models may leak private information in different ways, including membership inference, reconstruction or attribute inference attacks. Sensitive information may not be explicit in the text, but hidden in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Pedro Faustini , Shakila Mahjabin Tonni , Annabelle McIver , Qiongkai Xu , Mark Dras

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various tasks, yet they remain vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Existing defense methods predominantly focus on sample-level defense, which relies on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Xuanyu Ge , Zhongqi Wang , Jie Zhang , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

This paper addresses the privacy and security concerns associated with deep neural language models, which serve as crucial components in various modern AI-based applications. These models are often used after being pre-trained and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Abhijit Mishra , Mingda Li , Soham Deo

Private Inference (PI) enables deep neural networks (DNNs) to work on private data without leaking sensitive information by exploiting cryptographic primitives such as multi-party computation (MPC) and homomorphic encryption (HE). However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Jiajie Li , Jinjun Xiong

Tool-using agents based on Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in tasks such as mathematical reasoning and multi-hop question answering. However, in long trajectories, agents often trigger excessive and low-quality tool calls, increasing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Zeping Li , Hongru Wang , Yiwen Zhao , Guanhua Chen , Yixia Li , Keyang Chen , Yixin Cao , Guangnan Ye , Hongfeng Chai , Zhenfei Yin

Existing scaling laws for Large Language Models (LLMs), predominantly monotonic power laws, fail to explain emerging non-monotonic phenomena such as catastrophic overtraining and quantization-induced degradation, where performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Xu Ouyang , Deyi Liu , Yuhang Cai , Jing Liu , Yuan Yang , Chen Zheng , Thomas Hartvigsen , Yiyuan Ma

Much of human communication depends on implication, conveying meaning beyond literal words to express a wider range of thoughts, intentions, and feelings. For models to better understand and facilitate human communication, they must be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Shreya Havaldar , Hamidreza Alvari , John Palowitch , Mohammad Javad Hosseini , Senaka Buthpitiya , Alex Fabrikant

Multimodal reward models are crucial for aligning multimodal large language models with human preferences. Recent works have incorporated reasoning capabilities into these models, achieving promising results. However, training these models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Shidong Yang , Tongwen Huang , Hao Wen , Yong Wang , Li Chen , Xiangxiang Chu

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at extracting common patterns from large-scale corpora, yet they struggle with rare, low-resource, or previously unseen scenarios-such as niche hardware deployment issues or irregular IoT device…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Hong Su

The recent trend of large language models (LLMs) is to increase the scale of both model size (\aka the number of parameters) and dataset to achieve better generative ability, which is definitely proved by a lot of work such as the famous…

This paper presents a modular approach to accelerate inference in large language models (LLMs) by adding early exit heads at intermediate transformer layers. Each head is trained in a self-supervised manner to mimic the main model's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Florian Valade

State-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) are typically deployed as online services, requiring users to transmit detailed prompts to cloud servers. This raises significant privacy concerns. In response, we introduce ConfusionPrompt, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Peihua Mai , Youjia Yang , Ran Yan , Rui Ye , Yan Pang

The privacy concerns of providing deep learning inference as a service have underscored the need for private inference (PI) protocols that protect users' data and the service provider's model using cryptographic methods. Recently proposed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Karthik Garimella , Nandan Kumar Jha , Zahra Ghodsi , Siddharth Garg , Brandon Reagen

Deep learning is increasingly viewed as a dynamical process in parameter space, yet many existing theories still treat training as a closed optimization system. This view is limited for real-world AI, where models operate under uncertainty,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Kim Phuc Tran

Ensuring privacy during inference stage is crucial to prevent malicious third parties from reconstructing users' private inputs from outputs of public models. Despite a large body of literature on privacy preserving learning (which ensures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Fengwei Tian , Ravi Tandon

The growing use of large language models in sensitive domains has exposed a critical weakness: the inability to ensure that private information can be permanently forgotten. Yet these systems still lack reliable mechanisms to guarantee that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 James Jin Kang , Dang Bui , Thanh Pham , Huo-Chong Ling

CPU-based trusted execution environments (TEEs) and differential privacy (DP) have gained wide applications for private inference. Due to high inference latency in TEEs, researchers use partition-based approaches that offload linear model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Honglan Yu , Yibin Wang , Feifei Dai , Dong Liu , Haihui Fan , Xiaoyan Gu

Automated privacy audits of web and mobile applications often analyse outbound HTTP traffic to detect Personally Identifiable Information (PII) leakage. However, existing learning-based detectors typically depend on scarce, manually…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Thomas Cory , Axel Küpper