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With the good performance of deep learning algorithms in the field of computer vision (CV), the convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture has become a main backbone of the computer vision task. With the widespread use of mobile…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Rui-Yang Ju , Ting-Yu Lin , Jia-Hao Jian , Jen-Shiun Chiang

Traditional von Neumann architecture based processors become inefficient in terms of energy and throughput as they involve separate processing and memory units, also known as~\textit{memory wall}. The memory wall problem is further…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-20 Abhash Kumar , Jawar Singh , Sai Manohar Beeraka , Bharat Gupta

Deep 'Analog Artificial Neural Networks' (ANNs) perform complex classification problems with remarkably high accuracy. However, they rely on humongous amount of power to perform the calculations, veiling the accuracy benefits. The…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Parami Wijesinghe , Aayush Ankit , Abhronil Sengupta , Kaushik Roy

The recent strides in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have propelled the rise of TinyML, a paradigm enabling AI computations at the edge without dependence on cloud connections. While TinyML offers real-time data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Parin Shah , Yuvaraj Govindarajulu , Pavan Kulkarni , Manojkumar Parmar

Modern day Language Models see extensive use in text classification, yet this comes at significant computational cost. Compute-effective classification models are needed for low-resource environments, most notably on edge devices. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Stan Loosmore , Alexander Titus

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have exhibited state-of-the-art performance in various audio classification tasks. However, their real-time deployment remains a challenge on resource constrained devices such as embedded systems. In…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Gabriel Bibbo , Arshdeep Singh , Mark D. Plumbley

The increasing usage of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, especially Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), is increasing the power consumption during training and inference, posing environmental concerns and driving the need for more…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Gabriel Cortês , Nuno Lourenço , Penousal Machado

Super-TinyML aims to optimize machine learning models for deployment on ultra-low-power application domains such as wearable technologies and implants. Such domains also require conformality, flexibility, and non-toxicity which traditional…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Gurol Saglam , Florentia Afentaki , Georgios Zervakis , Mehdi B. Tahoori

Atomic neural networks (ANNs) constitute a class of machine learning methods for predicting potential energy surfaces and physico-chemical properties of molecules and materials. Despite many successes, developing interpretable ANN…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-01-17 Yunqi Shao , Matti Hellström , Pavlin D. Mitev , Lisanne Knijff , Chao Zhang

With the advancement of Deep Neural Networks (DNN) and large amounts of sensor data from Internet of Things (IoT) systems, the research community has worked to reduce the computational and resource demands of DNN to compute on low-resourced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Young D. Kwon , Jagmohan Chauhan , Cecilia Mascolo

Expandable networks have demonstrated their advantages in dealing with catastrophic forgetting problem in incremental learning. Considering that different tasks may need different structures, recent methods design dynamic structures adapted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Guimei Cao , Zhanzhan Cheng , Yunlu Xu , Duo Li , Shiliang Pu , Yi Niu , Fei Wu

In the near future, IoT based application services are anticipated to collect massive amounts of data on which complex and diverse tasks are expected to be performed. Machine learning algorithms such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Mohammed Moawad Alenazi , Barzan A. Yosuf , Taisir El-Gorashi , Jaafar M. H. Elmirghani

The advancements in machine learning opened a new opportunity to bring intelligence to the low-end Internet-of-Things nodes such as microcontrollers. Conventional machine learning deployment has high memory and compute footprint hindering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Swapnil Sayan Saha , Sandeep Singh Sandha , Mani Srivastava

In this paper we demonstrate how the Nengo neural modeling and simulation libraries enable users to quickly develop robotic perception and action neural networks for simulation on neuromorphic hardware using familiar tools, such as Keras…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Travis DeWolf , Pawel Jaworski , Chris Eliasmith

Neural interfaces capable of multi-site electrical recording, on-site signal classification, and closed-loop therapy are critical for the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders. However, deploying machine learning algorithms on…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Bingzhao Zhu , Uisub Shin , Mahsa Shoaran

In recent years, there has been a significant interest in developing machine learning algorithms on embedded systems. This is particularly relevant for bare metal devices in Internet of Things, Robotics, and Industrial applications that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Matteo Carnelos , Francesco Pasti , Nicola Bellotto

Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) is a new frontier of machine learning. By squeezing deep learning models into billions of IoT devices and microcontrollers (MCUs), we expand the scope of AI applications and enable ubiquitous intelligence.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Ji Lin , Ligeng Zhu , Wei-Ming Chen , Wei-Chen Wang , Song Han

Deep neural networks ( DNNs ) are becoming a key enabling technology for many application domains. However, on-device inference on battery-powered, resource-constrained embedding systems is often infeasible due to prohibitively long…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Vicent Sanz Marco , Ben Taylor , Zheng Wang , Yehia Elkhatib

Low-power microcontroller (MCU) hardware is currently evolving from single-core architectures to predominantly multi-core architectures. In parallel, new embedded software building blocks are more and more written in Rust, while C/C++…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zhaolan Huang , Kaspar Schleiser , Gyungmin Myung , Emmanuel Baccelli

Deep learning inference on embedded devices is a burgeoning field with myriad applications because tiny embedded devices are omnipresent. But we must overcome major challenges before we can benefit from this opportunity. Embedded processors…