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Related papers: Scalable Forward-Forward Algorithm

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This paper introduces a new architectural framework, known as input fast-forwarding, that can enhance the performance of deep networks. The main idea is to incorporate a parallel path that sends representations of input values forward to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-25 Ahmed Ibrahim , A. Lynn Abbott , Mohamed E. Hussein

We introduce a new approach in distributed deep learning, utilizing Geoffrey Hinton's Forward-Forward (FF) algorithm to speed up the training of neural networks in distributed computing environments. Unlike traditional methods that rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Ege Aktemur , Ege Zorlutuna , Kaan Bilgili , Tacettin Emre Bok , Berrin Yanikoglu , Suha Orhun Mutluergil

The Forward-Forward algorithm eliminates backpropagation's memory constraints and biological implausibility through dual forward passes with positive and negative data. However, conventional implementations suffer from critical inter-layer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Salar Beigzad

The Forward-Forward Learning (FFL) algorithm is a recently proposed solution for training neural networks without needing memory-intensive backpropagation. During training, labels accompany input data, classifying them as positive or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Ali Karkehabadi , Houman Homayoun , Avesta Sasan

This paper aims to enhance the use of the Frank-Wolfe (FW) algorithm for training deep neural networks. Similar to any gradient-based optimization algorithm, FW suffers from high computational and memory costs when computing gradients for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 M. Rostami , S. S. Kia

Recent successes in image analysis with deep neural networks are achieved almost exclusively with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), typically trained using the backpropagation (BP) algorithm. In a 2022 preprint, Geoffrey Hinton proposed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Riccardo Scodellaro , Ajinkya Kulkarni , Frauke Alves , Matthias Schröter

Backpropagation, which uses the chain rule, is the de-facto standard algorithm for optimizing neural networks nowadays. Recently, Hinton (2022) proposed the forward-forward algorithm, a promising alternative that optimizes neural nets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Guy Lorberbom , Itai Gat , Yossi Adi , Alex Schwing , Tamir Hazan

Federated learning (FL) is a general principle for decentralized clients to train a server model collectively without sharing local data. FL is a promising framework with practical applications, but its standard training paradigm requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Haozhe Feng , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Wei Chen , Shuicheng Yan , Min Lin

Backpropagation is the pivotal algorithm underpinning the success of artificial neural networks, yet it has critical limitations such as biologically implausible backward locking and global error propagation. To circumvent these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 James Gong , Raymond Luo , Emma Wang , Leon Ge , Bruce Li , Felix Marattukalam , Waleed Abdulla

The aim of this paper is to introduce a new learning procedure for neural networks and to demonstrate that it works well enough on a few small problems to be worth further investigation. The Forward-Forward algorithm replaces the forward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Geoffrey Hinton

We introduce a fast Self-adapting Forward-Forward Network (SaFF-Net) for medical imaging analysis, mitigating power consumption and resource limitations, which currently primarily stem from the prevalent reliance on back-propagation for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Johanna P. Müller , Bernhard Kainz

In federated learning (FL), clients with limited resources can disrupt the training efficiency. A potential solution to this problem is to leverage a new learning procedure that does not rely on backpropagation (BP). We present a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Seonghwan Park , Dahun Shin , Jinseok Chung , Namhoon Lee

The backpropagation algorithm, or backprop, is a widely utilized optimization technique in deep learning. While there's growing evidence suggesting that models trained with backprop can accurately explain neuronal data, no backprop-like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Gananath R

State-of-the-art backpropagation-free learning methods employ local error feedback to direct iterative optimisation via gradient descent. Here, we examine the more restrictive setting where retrograde communication from neuronal outputs is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Robert O'Shea , Bipin Rajendran

Backpropagation has been the cornerstone of neural network training for decades, yet its inefficiencies in time and energy consumption limit its suitability for resource-constrained edge devices. While low-precision neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jingxiao Ma , Priyadarshini Panda , Sherief Reda

Incorporating the Forward Forward algorithm into neural network training represents a transformative shift from traditional methods, introducing a dual forward mechanism that streamlines the learning process by bypassing the complexities of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Mitra Bakhshi

After the tremendous development of neural networks trained by backpropagation, it is a good time to develop other algorithms for training neural networks to gain more insights into networks. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Benyamin Ghojogh , Fakhri Karray , Mark Crowley

Modern machine learning models are able to outperform humans on a variety of non-trivial tasks. However, as the complexity of the models increases, they consume significant amounts of power and still struggle to generalize effectively to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Thomas Dooms , Ing Jyh Tsang , Jose Oramas

This paper proposes a fractional order gradient method for the backward propagation of convolutional neural networks. To overcome the problem that fractional order gradient method cannot converge to real extreme point, a simplified…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-01-07 Dian Sheng , Yiheng Wei , Yuquan Chen , Yong Wang

The long-held assumption that backpropagation (BP) is essential for state-of-the-art performance is challenged by this work. We present rigorous, hardware-validated evidence that the Mono-Forward (MF) algorithm, a backpropagation-free…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Przemysław Spyra , Witold Dzwinel