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The Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) is a fundamental NP-hard problem in logistics. Augmented Lagrangian Methods (ALM) for solving CVRP performance depends heavily on well-tuned penalty parameters. In this paper, we propose a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-09-22 Monit Sharma , Hoong Chuin Lau

Distributed Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) integrated with Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has emerged as a prominent research focus, enabling real-time cooperative decision-making in partially observable environments through…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Guotao Li , Shaoyun Xu , Yuexing Hao , Yang Wang , Yuhui Sun

The vehicle routing problem is one of the most studied combinatorial optimization topics, due to its practical importance and methodological interest. Yet, despite extensive methodological progress, many recent studies are hampered by the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Thibaut Vidal

This work presents solutions to the Traveling Salesperson Problem with precedence constraints (TSPPC) using Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) by adapting recent approaches that work well for regular TSPs. Common to these approaches is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Christian Löwens , Inaam Ashraf , Alexander Gembus , Genesis Cuizon , Jonas K. Falkner , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

Designing high-performing metaheuristics for NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems, such as the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), remains a significant challenge, often requiring extensive domain expertise and manual tuning. Recent…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Manuj Malik , Jianan Zhou , Shashank Reddy Chirra , Zhiguang Cao

Ramp merging is a critical and challenging task for autonomous vehicles (AVs), particularly in mixed traffic environments with human-driven vehicles (HVs). Existing approaches typically rely on either lane-changing or inter-vehicle gap…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Yassine Ibork , Myounggyu Won , Lokesh Das

Route planning for a fleet of vehicles is an important task in applications such as package delivery, surveillance, or transportation, often integrated within larger Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). This problem is commonly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Daniel Fuertes , Carlos R. del-Blanco , Fernando Jaureguizar , Narciso García

The Electric Vehicle Routing Problem (EVRP) extends the capacitated vehicle routing problem by incorporating battery constraints and charging stations, posing significant optimization challenges. This paper introduces a Trilevel Memetic…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Ivan Milinović , Leon Stjepan Uroić , Marko Đurasević

We study the load balanced capacitated vehicle routing problem (LBCVRP): the problem is to design a collection of tours for a fixed fleet of vehicles with capacity Q to distribute a supply from a single depot between a number of predefined…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Haniyeh Fallah , Farzad Didehvar , Farhad Rahmati

In the classic Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) a fleet of of vehicles has to visit a set of customers while minimising the operations' costs. We study a rich variant of the VRP featuring split deliveries, an heterogeneous fleet, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-12-07 Arthur Mahéo , Tommaso Urli , Philip Kilby

Efficiently obtaining the up-to-date information in the disaster-stricken area is the key to successful disaster response. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), workers and cars can collaborate to accomplish sensing tasks, such as data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Lei Han , Chunyu Tu , Zhiwen Yu , Zhiyong Yu , Weihua Shan , Liang Wang , Bin Guo

Collaborative navigation becomes essential in situations of occluded scenarios in autonomous driving where independent driving policies are likely to lead to collisions. One promising approach to address this issue is through the use of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Leandro Parada , Hanlin Tian , Jose Escribano , Panagiotis Angeloudis

Recent researches show that machine learning has the potential to learn better heuristics than the one designed by human for solving combinatorial optimization problems. The deep neural network is used to characterize the input instance for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Bo Peng , Jiahai Wang , Zizhen Zhang

This paper reviews the current progress in applying machine learning (ML) tools to solve NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems, with a focus on routing problems such as the traveling salesman problem (TSP) and the vehicle routing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Fangting Zhou , Attila Lischka , Balazs Kulcsar , Jiaming Wu , Morteza Haghir Chehreghani , Gilbert Laporte

In this paper a deep reinforcement based multi-agent path planning approach is introduced. The experiments are realized in a simulation environment and in this environment different multi-agent path planning problems are produced. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Mert Çetinkaya

The confluence of the advancement of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) and the maturity of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication has enabled the capability of cooperative connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). Building on top of cooperative…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Zehao Wang , Yuping Wang , Zhuoyuan Wu , Hengbo Ma , Zhaowei Li , Hang Qiu , Jiachen Li

The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) has been widely studied throughout its history as a way of optimizing routes by minimizing distances, and the issue of risk in VRP has been received less attention, which is essential to increase transport…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-23 Gabriel Adam Bilato , Cleber Damião Rocco , Anibal Tavares de Azevedo

This study proposes a hybrid quantum-classical approach to solving the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) by integrating the Column Generation (CG) method with the Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOAnsatz). The CG method…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-24 Wei-hao Huang , Hiromichi Matsuyama , Yu Yamashiro

The rapid growth of online retail and e-commerce has made effective and efficient Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) solutions essential. To meet rising demand, companies are adding more depots, which changes the VRP problem to a complex…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Saeed Nasehi , Farhana Choudhury , Egemen Tanin , Majid Sarvi

Multi-task Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs) aim to minimize routing costs while satisfying diverse constraints. Existing solvers typically adopt a unified reinforcement learning (RL) framework to learn generalizable patterns across tasks.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Shuangchun Gui , Suyu Liu , Xuehe Wang , Zhiguang Cao