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Radio frequency (RF) communications offer reliable but low data rates and energy-inefficient satellite links, while free-space optical (FSO) promises high bandwidth but struggles with disturbances imposed by atmospheric effects. A hybrid…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-24 Mostafa Ibrahim , Arsalan Ahmad , Sabit Ekin , Peter LoPresti , Serhat Altunc , Obadiah Kegege , John F. O'Hara

Although the multi-antenna or so-called multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission has been the enabling technology for the past generations of radio-frequency (RF)-based wireless communication systems, its application to the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Shiyuan Sun , Weidong Mei , Fang Yang , Nan An , Jian Song , Rui Zhang

Given their extensive geographic coverage, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites are envisioned to find their way into next-generation (6G) wireless communications. This paper explores space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs) leveraging…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Chao Zhang , Qingchao Li , Chao Xu , Lie-Liang Yang , Lajos Hanzo

The immense volume of data generated by Earth observation (EO) satellites presents significant challenges in transmitting it to Earth over rate-limited satellite-to-ground communication links. This paper presents an efficient downlink…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-17 Van-Phuc Bui , Shashi Raj Pandey , Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Petar Popovski

With the emergence of simultaneous localization and communication (SLAC), it becomes more and more attractive to perform angle of departure (AoD) estimation at the receiving Internet of Thing (IoT) user end for improved positioning…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-22 Jiaying Li , Yuanwei Liu , Hong Xing

Snapshot is a fundamental notion proposed for routing in mobile low earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks which is characterized with predictable topology dynamics. Its distribution has a great impact on the routing performance and on-board…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-12-23 Zhu Tang , Zhenqian Feng , Wanrong Yu , Baokang Zhao , Chunqing Wu

To achieve communication-efficient federated multitask learning (FMTL), we propose an over-the-air FMTL (OAFMTL) framework, where multiple learning tasks deployed on edge devices share a non-orthogonal fading channel under the coordination…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Haoming Ma , Xiaojun Yuan , Zhi Ding , Dian Fan , Jun Fang

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the link budget for free-space optical systems involving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites. We develop a detailed model of the satellite-to-ground channel that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-17 Artur Czerwinski , Jakub J. Borkowski , Saeed Haddadi

Orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) modulation, a delay-Doppler (DD) domain communication scheme exhibiting strong robustness against the Doppler shifts, has the potentials to be employed in LEO satellite communications. However, the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yu Liu , Ming Chen , Cunhua Pan , Tantao Gong , Jinhong Yuan , Jiangzhou Wang

In this paper, we propose a terrestrial-satellite network (TSN) architecture to integrate the ultra-dense low earth orbit (LEO) networks and the terrestrial networks to achieve efficient data offloading. In TSN, each ground user can access…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Boya Di , Hongliang Zhang , Lingyang Song , Yonghui Li , Geoffrey Ye Li

Due to their low latency, high capacity, and seamless worldwide coverage, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites are essential to the equal access network. Stochastic geometry (SG) is an appropriate method for such a large and irregular system.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Yanbo Cao , Derui Gao , Jingyu Xu

The extensive deployment of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites introduces significant security challenges for communication security issues in Internet of Things (IoT) networks. With the rising number of satellites potentially acting as…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Anna Talgat , Ruibo Wang , Mustafa A. Kishk , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) employ inter-satellite links (ISLs) to reduce dependency on ground stations, enabling precise ranging and communication across satellites. Beyond their traditional role, ISLs can support extended…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-28 Huan Yan , Juan A. Fraire , Ziqi Yang , Kanglian Zhao , Wenfeng Li , Xiyun Hou , Haohan Li , Yuxuan Miao , Jinjun Zheng , Chengbin Kang , Huichao Zhou , Xinuo Chang , Lu Wang

While synthetic aperture radar is widely adopted to provide high-resolution imaging at long distances using small arrays, the concept of coherent synthetic aperture communication (SAC) has not yet been explored. This article introduces the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-17 Lucas Giroto , Marcus Henninger , Silvio Mandelli

The extension of wide area wireless connectivity to low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems demands a fresh look at the effects of in-orbit base stations, sky-to-ground propagation, and cell planning. A multi-beam LEO…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-15 Eunsun Kim , Ian P. Roberts , Jeffrey G. Andrews

Being able to provide latency guarantees for orbital edge computing applications through Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations is a major milestone for their integration into 5G and 6G networks. However, achieving this is…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Nicolai Dalsgaard Lyholm , Beatriz Soret , Tijana Devaja , Thomas Grundgaard Mulvad , Cedomir Stefanovic , Israel Leyva-Mayorga

In the context of communication-centric integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform was proven to be optimal in minimizing ranging sidelobes when random signaling is used. A…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-06 Karim A. Said , Ibraheem Alturki , Husheng Li , Elizabeth Bentley , Lingjia Liu

This study discusses the current state of FSO technology, as well as global trends and developments in the industrial ecosystem to identify obstacles to the full realization of optical space-to-ground communication networks. Additionally,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-01 Eugene Rotherham , Connor Casey , Eva Fernandez Rodriguez , Karen Wendy Vidaurre Torrez , Maren Mashor , Isaac Pike

Satellite constellation systems are becoming more attractive to provide communication services worldwide, especially in areas without network connectivity. While optimizing satellite gateway placement is crucial for operators to minimize…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-04 Yuma Abe , Flor Ortiz , Eva Lagunas , Victor Monzon Baeza , Symeon Chatzinotas , Hiroyuki Tsuji

The integration between the satellite network and the terrestrial network will play a key role in the upcoming sixth-generation (6G) of mobile cellular networks thanks to the wide coverage and bandwidth offered by satellite networks. To…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Wiem Abderrahim , Osama Amin , Mohamed-Slim Alouini , Basem Shihada