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In real-world scenarios, most of the data obtained from the information retrieval (IR) system is unstructured. Converting natural language sentences into structured Knowledge Graphs (KGs) remains a critical challenge. We identified three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Haoyu Huang , Chong Chen , Zeang Sheng , Yang Li , Wentao Zhang

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled workflows that generate SystemVerilog Assertions (SVAs) from natural-language specifications, with the potential to accelerate Formal Verification (FV). However, high-quality…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Vaisakh Naduvodi Viswambharan , Keerthan Kopparam Radhakrishna , Deepak Narayan Gadde , Aman Kumar

Knowledge graphs (KGs) are crucial in the field of artificial intelligence and are widely applied in downstream tasks, such as enhancing Question Answering (QA) systems. The construction of KGs typically requires significant effort from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Rui Yang , Boming Yang , Sixun Ouyang , Tianwei She , Aosong Feng , Yuang Jiang , Freddy Lecue , Jinghui Lu , Irene Li

Large language models (LLMs) excel in generating fluent utterances but can lack reliable grounding in verified information. At the same time, knowledge-graph-based fact-checkers deliver precise and interpretable evidence, yet suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Shaghayegh Kolli , Richard Rosenbaum , Timo Cavelius , Lasse Strothe , Andrii Lata , Jana Diesner

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and GPT4, are making new waves in the field of natural language processing and artificial intelligence, due to their emergent ability and generalizability. However, LLMs are black-box models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Shirui Pan , Linhao Luo , Yufei Wang , Chen Chen , Jiapu Wang , Xindong Wu

Integrating structured knowledge from Knowledge Graphs (KGs) into Large Language Models (LLMs) remains a key challenge for symbolic reasoning. Existing methods mainly rely on prompt engineering or fine-tuning, which lose structural fidelity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Erica Coppolillo

Real-world Knowledge Graphs (KGs) often suffer from incompleteness, which limits their potential performance. Knowledge Graph Completion (KGC) techniques aim to address this issue. However, traditional KGC methods are computationally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Alla Chepurova , Aydar Bulatov , Yuri Kuratov , Mikhail Burtsev

Knowledge graph completion (KGC) is a task of inferring missing triples based on existing Knowledge Graphs (KGs). Both structural and semantic information are vital for successful KGC. However, existing methods only use either the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Qiao Qiao , Yuepei Li , Qing Wang , Kang Zhou , Qi Li

Reasoning over knowledge graphs (KGs) with first-order logic (FOL) queries is challenging due to the inherent incompleteness of real-world KGs and the compositional complexity of logical query structures. Most existing methods rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ziyan Zhang , Chao Wang , Zhuo Chen , Lei Chen , Chiyi Li , Kai Song

Explaining Machine Learning (ML) results in a transparent and user-friendly manner remains a challenging task of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). In this paper, we present a method to enhance the interpretability of ML models by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Thomas Bayer , Alexander Lohr , Sarah Weiß , Bernd Michelberger , Wolfram Höpken

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong reasoning capabilities but struggle with hallucinations and limited transparency. Recently, KG-enhanced LLMs that integrate knowledge graphs (KGs) have been shown to improve reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Minbae Park , Hyemin Yang , Jeonghyun Kim , Kunsoo Park , Hyunjoon Kim

Multimodal knowledge graphs (MMKGs) enrich traditional knowledge graphs (KGs) by incorporating diverse modalities such as images and text. multimodal knowledge graph completion (MMKGC) seeks to exploit these heterogeneous signals to infer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yongkang Xiao , Rui Zhang

As large language models (LLMs) continue to grow in size, their abilities to tackle complex tasks have significantly improved. However, issues such as hallucination and the lack of up-to-date knowledge largely remain unresolved. Knowledge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Lihui Liu

Knowledge Graphs (KGs) often have two characteristics: heterogeneous graph structure and text-rich entity/relation information. Text-based KG embeddings can represent entities by encoding descriptions with pre-trained language models, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Xin Xie , Zhoubo Li , Xiaohan Wang , Zekun Xi , Ningyu Zhang

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) tasks, which aim to find answers based on knowledge graphs (KGs) for natural language questions. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Xiao Long , Liansheng Zhuang , Chen Shen , Shaotian Yan , Yifei Li , Shafei Wang

Answering complex questions often requires reasoning over knowledge graphs (KGs). State-of-the-art methods often utilize entities in questions to retrieve local subgraphs, which are then fed into KG encoder, e.g. graph neural networks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Shiyang Li , Yifan Gao , Haoming Jiang , Qingyu Yin , Zheng Li , Xifeng Yan , Chao Zhang , Bing Yin

Large language models with retrieval-augmented generation encounter a pivotal challenge in intricate retrieval tasks, e.g., multi-hop question answering, which requires the model to navigate across multiple documents and generate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Weijie Chen , Ting Bai , Jinbo Su , Jian Luan , Wei Liu , Chuan Shi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are advancing at a rapid pace, with significant improvements at natural language processing and coding tasks. Yet, their ability to work with formal languages representing data, specifically within the realm of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Johannes Frey , Lars-Peter Meyer , Natanael Arndt , Felix Brei , Kirill Bulert

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong potential in recommender systems due to their contextual learning and generalisation capabilities. Existing LLM-based recommendation approaches typically formulate the recommendation task using…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Zeyuan Meng , Zixuan Yi , Iadh Ounis

Large Language Models (LLMs) have impressive capabilities in text understanding and zero-shot reasoning. However, delays in knowledge updates may cause them to reason incorrectly or produce harmful results. Knowledge Graphs (KGs) provide…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Tu Ao , Yanhua Yu , Yuling Wang , Yang Deng , Zirui Guo , Liang Pang , Pinghui Wang , Tat-Seng Chua , Xiao Zhang , Zhen Cai