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Brain signals constitute the information that are processed by millions of brain neurons (nerve cells and brain cells). These brain signals can be recorded and analyzed using various of non-invasive techniques such as the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-13 Almabrok Essa , Hari Kotte

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) bridges the human's neural world and the outer physical world by decoding individuals' brain signals into commands recognizable by computer devices. Deep learning has lifted the performance of brain-computer…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Xiang Zhang , Lina Yao , Xianzhi Wang , Jessica Monaghan , David Mcalpine , Yu Zhang

Brain decoding has emerged as a rapidly advancing and extensively utilized technique within neuroscience. This paper centers on the application of raw electroencephalogram (EEG) signals for decoding human brain activity, offering a more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Zenon Lamprou , Yashar Moshfeghi

An alternative pathway for the human brain to communicate with the outside world is by means of a brain computer interface (BCI). A BCI can decode electroencephalogram (EEG) signals of brain activities, and then send a command or an intent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Junhua Li , Zbigniew Struzik , Liqing Zhang , Andrzej Cichocki

Reading comprehension, a fundamental cognitive ability essential for knowledge acquisition, is a complex skill, with a notable number of learners lacking proficiency in this domain. This study introduces innovative tasks for Brain-Computer…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Yuhong Zhang , Shilai Yang , Gert Cauwenberghs , Tzyy-Ping Jung

Deep learning models perform best with abundant, high-quality labels, yet such conditions are rarely achievable in EEG-based emotion recognition. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are easily corrupted by artifacts and individual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Hyo-Jeong Jang , Hye-Bin Shin , Kang Yin

Although large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their effectiveness in a wide range of applications, they have also been observed to perpetuate unwanted biases present in the training data, potentially leading to harm for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Schrasing Tong , Eliott Zemour , Jessica Lu , Rawisara Lohanimit , Lalana Kagal

This work studies the capabilities of a large language model (LLM) to understand paralinguistic aspects of speech without fine-tuning its weights. We utilize an end-to-end system with a speech encoder, which is trained to produce token…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Wonjune Kang , Junteng Jia , Chunyang Wu , Wei Zhou , Egor Lakomkin , Yashesh Gaur , Leda Sari , Suyoun Kim , Ke Li , Jay Mahadeokar , Ozlem Kalinli

Scalable and generalizable analysis of brain activity is essential for advancing both clinical diagnostics and cognitive research. Electroencephalography (EEG), a non-invasive modality with high temporal resolution, has been widely used for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Sha Zhao , Mingyi Peng , Haiteng Jiang , Tao Li , Shijian Li , Gang Pan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in various research domains. This article examines their potential through a literature review and firsthand experimentation. While LLMs offer benefits like cost-effectiveness and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-10 M. Namvarpour , A. Razi

Multimodal language modeling has enabled breakthroughs for representation learning, yet remains unexplored in the realm of functional brain data for clinical phenotyping. This paper pioneers EEG-language models (ELMs) trained on clinical…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-12 Sam Gijsen , Kerstin Ritter

Large Language Models (LLMs) are capable of successfully performing many language processing tasks zero-shot (without training data). If zero-shot LLMs can also reliably classify and explain social phenomena like persuasiveness and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Caleb Ziems , William Held , Omar Shaikh , Jiaao Chen , Zhehao Zhang , Diyi Yang

Brain computer interface (BCI) has been popular as a key approach to monitor our brains recent year. Mental states monitoring is one of the most important BCI applications and becomes increasingly accessible. However, the mental state…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-14 Dongdong Zhang , Dong Cao , Haibo Chen

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance on tasks requiring complex linguistic abilities, such as reference disambiguation and metaphor recognition/generation. Although LLMs possess impressive capabilities, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Yi Jing , Zijun Yao , Hongzhu Guo , Lingxu Ran , Xiaozhi Wang , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Brain activity translation into human language delivers the capability to revolutionize machine-human interaction while providing communication support to people with speech disability. Electronic decoding reaches a certain level of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-26 Mostafa El Gedawy , Omnia Nabil , Omar Mamdouh , Mahmoud Nady , Nour Alhuda Adel , Ahmed Fares

Brain-computer interface (BCI) is the technology that enables the communication between humans and devices by reflecting status and intentions of humans. When conducting imagined speech, the users imagine the pronunciation as if actually…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Dae-Hyeok Lee , Sung-Jin Kim , Keon-Woo Lee

The variability in EEG signals between different individuals poses a significant challenge when implementing brain-computer interfaces (BCI). Commonly proposed solutions to this problem include deep learning models, due to their increased…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-01 Stylianos Bakas , Siegfried Ludwig , Dimitrios A. Adamos , Nikolaos Laskaris , Yannis Panagakis , Stefanos Zafeiriou

Deep learning frameworks have become increasingly popular in brain computer interface (BCI) study thanks to their outstanding performance. However, in terms of the classification model alone, they are treated as black box as they do not…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Ji-Seon Bang , Seong-Whan Lee

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) hold great potential for aiding individuals with speech impairments. Utilizing electroencephalography (EEG) to decode speech is particularly promising due to its non-invasive nature. However, recordings are…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-11 Motoshige Sato , Kenichi Tomeoka , Ilya Horiguchi , Kai Arulkumaran , Ryota Kanai , Shuntaro Sasai

The notion of a Brain-Computer Interface system is the acquisition of signals from the brain, processing them, and translating them into commands. The study concentrated on a specific sort of brain signal known as Motor Imagery EEG signals,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-08-22 Vimal W , Akshansh Gupta