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This course, intended for undergraduates familiar with elementary calculus and linear algebra, introduces the extension of differential calculus to functions on more general vector spaces, such as functions that take as input a matrix and…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-01-28 Paige Bright , Alan Edelman , Steven G. Johnson

This paper focuses on vector-valued composite functionals, which may be nonlinear in probability. Our primary goal is to establish central limit theorems for these functionals when mixed estimators are employed. Our study is relevant to the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-09 Huihui Chen , Darinka Dentcheva , Yang Lin , Gregory J. Stock

This paper has twofold. The first is to establish a second main theorem for meromorphic functions on the complex disc $\Delta (R_0)\subset\mathbb C$ with finite growth index and small functions, where the counting functions are truncated to…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2024-03-26 Si Duc Quang

The notion of a real-valued function is central to mathematics, computer science, and many other scientific fields. Despite this importance, there are hardly any positive results on decision procedures for predicate logical theories that…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Stefan Ratschan

Taylor's theorem (and its variants) is widely used in several areas of mathematical analysis, including numerical analysis, functional analysis, and partial differential equations. This article explains how Taylor's theorem in its most…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-11-04 Christopher Thron

This review article provides an overview of random matrix theory (RMT) with a focus on its growing impact on the formulation and inference of statistical models and methodologies. Emphasizing applications within high-dimensional statistics,…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-11 Swapnaneel Bhattacharyya , Srijan Chattopadhyay , Sevantee Basu

The mean value theorem of calculus states that, given a differentiable function $f$ on an interval $[a, b]$, there exists at least one mean value abscissa $c$ such that the slope of the tangent line at $c$ is equal to the slope of the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-07-28 David Lowry-Duda , Miles H. Wheeler

This work, dealt with the classical mean value theorem and took advantage of it in the fractional calculus. The concept of a fractional critical point is introduced. Some sufficient conditions for the existence of a critical point is…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-10-31 Abdolali Neamaty Hosseinabadi , Mehdi Nategh

We establish an analogue of the first fundamental theorem of calculus for functions defined on the Wasserstein space of probability measures. Precisely, we show that if a function on the Wasserstein space is sufficiently regular in the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Xavier Erny

We discuss a version of the fundamental theorem of calculus in several variables and some applications, of potential interest as a teaching material in undergraduate courses.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-08-16 Joaquim Bruna

In this paper, we discuss the joint value distribution of $L$-functions in a suitable class. We obtain joint large deviations results in the central limit theorem for these $L$-functions and some mean value theorems, which give evidence…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-02-26 Shōta Inoue , Junxian Li

Multivariable, real-valued functions induce matrix-valued functions defined on the space of d-tuples of n-times-n pairwise-commuting self-adjoint matrices. We examine the geometry of this space of matrices and conclude that the best notion…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2017-01-20 Kelly Bickel

Multivariate statistical analysis is concerned with observations on several variables which are thought to possess some degree of inter-dependence. Driven by problems in genetics and the social sciences, it first flowered in the earlier…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Iain M. Johnstone

This paper presents an alternative proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra that has several distinct advantages. The proof is based on simple ideas involving continuity and differentiation. Visual software demonstrations can be used to…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-10-02 Christopher Thron , Jordan T. Barry

Let p be a polynomial in one complex variable. Smale's mean value conjecture estimates |p'(z)| in terms of the gradient of a chord from (z, p(z)) to some stationary point on the graph of $p$. The conjecture does not immediately generalise…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Edward Crane

We prove a new mean-value theorem for Dirichlet polynomials with coefficients given by the von Mangoldt function. We then use our theorem to derive new estimates for certain exponential sums over primes. The latter have applications to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-26 S. K. K. Choi , A. V. Kumchev

This paper presents the contemporary Fundamental Theorem of Asset Pricing as being equivalent to approaches to pricing that emerged before 1700 in the context of Virtue Ethics. This is done by considering the history of science and…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2012-10-22 Timothy C. Johnson

The Central Limit Theorem (CLT) establishes that sufficiently large sequences of independent and identically distributed random variables converge in probability to a normal distribution. This makes the CLT a fundamental building block of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Henning Basold , Oisín Flynn-Connolly , Chase Ford , Hao Wang

Universal geometric calculus simplifies and unifies the structure and notation of mathematics for all of science and engineering, and for technological applications. This paper treats the fundamentals of the multivector differential…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2013-06-11 Eckhard Hitzer

Central limit theorems (CLTs) have a long history in probability and statistics. They play a fundamental role in constructing valid statistical inference procedures. Over the last century, various techniques have been developed in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-27 Arisina Banerjee , Arun K Kuchibhotla