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Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across a wide range of mathematical benchmarks. However, concerns remain as to whether these successes reflect genuine reasoning or superficial pattern recognition. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yujie Hou , Mei Wang , Yaoyao Zhong , Ting Zhang , Xuetao Ma , Hua Huang

Previous work indicates that large language models exhibit a significant "English bias", i.e. they often perform better when tasks are presented in English. Interestingly, we have observed that using certain other languages in reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Changjiang Gao , Xu Huang , Wenhao Zhu , Shujian Huang , Lei Li , Fei Yuan

Mathematical reasoning serves as a cornerstone for assessing the fundamental cognitive capabilities of human intelligence. In recent times, there has been a notable surge in the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) geared towards the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Janice Ahn , Rishu Verma , Renze Lou , Di Liu , Rui Zhang , Wenpeng Yin

Large Language Models (LLMs) are extensively used today across various sectors, including academia, research, business, and finance, for tasks such as text generation, summarization, and translation. Despite their widespread adoption, these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Yash Saxena , Sarthak Chopra , Arunendra Mani Tripathi

Multimodal large language models have demonstrated remarkable reasoning capabilities in various visual tasks. However, their abilities in K12 scenarios are still systematically underexplored. Previous studies suffer from various limitations…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Chong Li , Chenglin Zhu , Tao Zhang , Mingan Lin , Zenan Zhou , Jian Xie

Recent advances in Multi-Modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled unified processing of language, vision, and structured inputs, opening the door to complex tasks such as logical deduction, spatial reasoning, and scientific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Guiyao Tie , Xueyang Zhou , Tianhe Gu , Ruihang Zhang , Chaoran Hu , Sizhe Zhang , Mengqu Sun , Yan Zhang , Pan Zhou , Lichao Sun

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has demonstrated promising progress in solving logical reasoning tasks effectively. Several recent approaches have proposed to change the role of the LLM from the reasoner into a translator…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Long Hei Matthew Lam , Ramya Keerthy Thatikonda , Ehsan Shareghi

Students' handwritten math work provides a rich resource for diagnosing cognitive skills, as it captures intermediate reasoning beyond final answers. We investigate how current large language models (LLMs) perform in diagnosing cognitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yoonsu Kim , Hyoungwook Jin , Hayeon Doh , Eunhye Kim , Dongyun Jung , Seungju Kim , Kiyoon Choi , Jinho Son , Juho Kim

This paper investigates the mathematical reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) using 50 newly constructed high-school-level word problems. Unlike prior studies that focus solely on answer correctness, we rigorously analyze…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Johan Boye , Birger Moell

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) demonstrate strong reasoning capabilities, yet their performance in English significantly outperforms that in low-resource languages, raising fairness concerns in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Qiming Li , Xiaocheng Feng , Yixuan Ma , Zekai Ye , Ruihan Chen , Xiachong Feng , Bing Qin

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have led to significant breakthroughs in mathematical reasoning capabilities. However, existing benchmarks like GSM8K or MATH are now being solved with high accuracy (e.g., OpenAI o1…

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities in mathematical reasoning. However, despite these achievements, current evaluations are mostly limited to specific mathematical topics, and it remains unclear whether LLMs are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Arash Gholami Davoodi , Seyed Pouyan Mousavi Davoudi , Pouya Pezeshkpour

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in general-purpose machine translation, but their effectiveness in complex, domain-sensitive translation tasks remains underexplored. Recent advancements in Large Reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yongshi Ye , Biao Fu , Chongxuan Huang , Yidong Chen , Xiaodong Shi

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities in handling a variety of natural language processing (NLP) downstream tasks, even on mathematical tasks requiring multi-step reasoning. In this…

General Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in reasoning, but those enhanced for translation struggle with reasoning tasks. To address this, we propose a novel translationenhanced recipe that begins with instruct models and applies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Changjiang Gao , Zixian Huang , Jingyang Gong , Shujian Huang , Lei Li , Fei Yuan

With the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly impacted a wide array of domains, including healthcare, engineering, science, education, and mathematical reasoning. Among these,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Afrar Jahin , Arif Hassan Zidan , Wei Zhang , Yu Bao , Tianming Liu

We introduce HyperCLOVA X, a family of large language models (LLMs) tailored to the Korean language and culture, along with competitive capabilities in English, math, and coding. HyperCLOVA X was trained on a balanced mix of Korean,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Kang Min Yoo , Jaegeun Han , Sookyo In , Heewon Jeon , Jisu Jeong , Jaewook Kang , Hyunwook Kim , Kyung-Min Kim , Munhyong Kim , Sungju Kim , Donghyun Kwak , Hanock Kwak , Se Jung Kwon , Bado Lee , Dongsoo Lee , Gichang Lee , Jooho Lee , Baeseong Park , Seongjin Shin , Joonsang Yu , Seolki Baek , Sumin Byeon , Eungsup Cho , Dooseok Choe , Jeesung Han , Youngkyun Jin , Hyein Jun , Jaeseung Jung , Chanwoong Kim , Jinhong Kim , Jinuk Kim , Dokyeong Lee , Dongwook Park , Jeong Min Sohn , Sujung Han , Jiae Heo , Sungju Hong , Mina Jeon , Hyunhoon Jung , Jungeun Jung , Wangkyo Jung , Chungjoon Kim , Hyeri Kim , Jonghyun Kim , Min Young Kim , Soeun Lee , Joonhee Park , Jieun Shin , Sojin Yang , Jungsoon Yoon , Hwaran Lee , Sanghwan Bae , Jeehwan Cha , Karl Gylleus , Donghoon Ham , Mihak Hong , Youngki Hong , Yunki Hong , Dahyun Jang , Hyojun Jeon , Yujin Jeon , Yeji Jeong , Myunggeun Ji , Yeguk Jin , Chansong Jo , Shinyoung Joo , Seunghwan Jung , Adrian Jungmyung Kim , Byoung Hoon Kim , Hyomin Kim , Jungwhan Kim , Minkyoung Kim , Minseung Kim , Sungdong Kim , Yonghee Kim , Youngjun Kim , Youngkwan Kim , Donghyeon Ko , Dughyun Lee , Ha Young Lee , Jaehong Lee , Jieun Lee , Jonghyun Lee , Jongjin Lee , Min Young Lee , Yehbin Lee , Taehong Min , Yuri Min , Kiyoon Moon , Hyangnam Oh , Jaesun Park , Kyuyon Park , Younghun Park , Hanbae Seo , Seunghyun Seo , Mihyun Sim , Gyubin Son , Matt Yeo , Kyung Hoon Yeom , Wonjoon Yoo , Myungin You , Doheon Ahn , Homin Ahn , Joohee Ahn , Seongmin Ahn , Chanwoo An , Hyeryun An , Junho An , Sang-Min An , Boram Byun , Eunbin Byun , Jongho Cha , Minji Chang , Seunggyu Chang , Haesong Cho , Youngdo Cho , Dalnim Choi , Daseul Choi , Hyoseok Choi , Minseong Choi , Sangho Choi , Seongjae Choi , Wooyong Choi , Sewhan Chun , Dong Young Go , Chiheon Ham , Danbi Han , Jaemin Han , Moonyoung Hong , Sung Bum Hong , Dong-Hyun Hwang , Seongchan Hwang , Jinbae Im , Hyuk Jin Jang , Jaehyung Jang , Jaeni Jang , Sihyeon Jang , Sungwon Jang , Joonha Jeon , Daun Jeong , Joonhyun Jeong , Kyeongseok Jeong , Mini Jeong , Sol Jin , Hanbyeol Jo , Hanju Jo , Minjung Jo , Chaeyoon Jung , Hyungsik Jung , Jaeuk Jung , Ju Hwan Jung , Kwangsun Jung , Seungjae Jung , Soonwon Ka , Donghan Kang , Soyoung Kang , Taeho Kil , Areum Kim , Beomyoung Kim , Byeongwook Kim , Daehee Kim , Dong-Gyun Kim , Donggook Kim , Donghyun Kim , Euna Kim , Eunchul Kim , Geewook Kim , Gyu Ri Kim , Hanbyul Kim , Heesu Kim , Isaac Kim , Jeonghoon Kim , Jihye Kim , Joonghoon Kim , Minjae Kim , Minsub Kim , Pil Hwan Kim , Sammy Kim , Seokhun Kim , Seonghyeon Kim , Soojin Kim , Soong Kim , Soyoon Kim , Sunyoung Kim , Taeho Kim , Wonho Kim , Yoonsik Kim , You Jin Kim , Yuri Kim , Beomseok Kwon , Ohsung Kwon , Yoo-Hwan Kwon , Anna Lee , Byungwook Lee , Changho Lee , Daun Lee , Dongjae Lee , Ha-Ram Lee , Hodong Lee , Hwiyeong Lee , Hyunmi Lee , Injae Lee , Jaeung Lee , Jeongsang Lee , Jisoo Lee , Jongsoo Lee , Joongjae Lee , Juhan Lee , Jung Hyun Lee , Junghoon Lee , Junwoo Lee , Se Yun Lee , Sujin Lee , Sungjae Lee , Sungwoo Lee , Wonjae Lee , Zoo Hyun Lee , Jong Kun Lim , Kun Lim , Taemin Lim , Nuri Na , Jeongyeon Nam , Kyeong-Min Nam , Yeonseog Noh , Biro Oh , Jung-Sik Oh , Solgil Oh , Yeontaek Oh , Boyoun Park , Cheonbok Park , Dongju Park , Hyeonjin Park , Hyun Tae Park , Hyunjung Park , Jihye Park , Jooseok Park , Junghwan Park , Jungsoo Park , Miru Park , Sang Hee Park , Seunghyun Park , Soyoung Park , Taerim Park , Wonkyeong Park , Hyunjoon Ryu , Jeonghun Ryu , Nahyeon Ryu , Soonshin Seo , Suk Min Seo , Yoonjeong Shim , Kyuyong Shin , Wonkwang Shin , Hyun Sim , Woongseob Sim , Hyejin Soh , Bokyong Son , Hyunjun Son , Seulah Son , Chi-Yun Song , Chiyoung Song , Ka Yeon Song , Minchul Song , Seungmin Song , Jisung Wang , Yonggoo Yeo , Myeong Yeon Yi , Moon Bin Yim , Taehwan Yoo , Youngjoon Yoo , Sungmin Yoon , Young Jin Yoon , Hangyeol Yu , Ui Seon Yu , Xingdong Zuo , Jeongin Bae , Joungeun Bae , Hyunsoo Cho , Seonghyun Cho , Yongjin Cho , Taekyoon Choi , Yera Choi , Jiwan Chung , Zhenghui Han , Byeongho Heo , Euisuk Hong , Taebaek Hwang , Seonyeol Im , Sumin Jegal , Sumin Jeon , Yelim Jeong , Yonghyun Jeong , Can Jiang , Juyong Jiang , Jiho Jin , Ara Jo , Younghyun Jo , Hoyoun Jung , Juyoung Jung , Seunghyeong Kang , Dae Hee Kim , Ginam Kim , Hangyeol Kim , Heeseung Kim , Hyojin Kim , Hyojun Kim , Hyun-Ah Kim , Jeehye Kim , Jin-Hwa Kim , Jiseon Kim , Jonghak Kim , Jung Yoon Kim , Rak Yeong Kim , Seongjin Kim , Seoyoon Kim , Sewon Kim , Sooyoung Kim , Sukyoung Kim , Taeyong Kim , Naeun Ko , Bonseung Koo , Heeyoung Kwak , Haena Kwon , Youngjin Kwon , Boram Lee , Bruce W. Lee , Dagyeong Lee , Erin Lee , Euijin Lee , Ha Gyeong Lee , Hyojin Lee , Hyunjeong Lee , Jeeyoon Lee , Jeonghyun Lee , Jongheok Lee , Joonhyung Lee , Junhyuk Lee , Mingu Lee , Nayeon Lee , Sangkyu Lee , Se Young Lee , Seulgi Lee , Seung Jin Lee , Suhyeon Lee , Yeonjae Lee , Yesol Lee , Youngbeom Lee , Yujin Lee , Shaodong Li , Tianyu Liu , Seong-Eun Moon , Taehong Moon , Max-Lasse Nihlenramstroem , Wonseok Oh , Yuri Oh , Hongbeen Park , Hyekyung Park , Jaeho Park , Nohil Park , Sangjin Park , Jiwon Ryu , Miru Ryu , Simo Ryu , Ahreum Seo , Hee Seo , Kangdeok Seo , Jamin Shin , Seungyoun Shin , Heetae Sin , Jiangping Wang , Lei Wang , Ning Xiang , Longxiang Xiao , Jing Xu , Seonyeong Yi , Haanju Yoo , Haneul Yoo , Hwanhee Yoo , Liang Yu , Youngjae Yu , Weijie Yuan , Bo Zeng , Qian Zhou , Kyunghyun Cho , Jung-Woo Ha , Joonsuk Park , Jihyun Hwang , Hyoung Jo Kwon , Soonyong Kwon , Jungyeon Lee , Seungho Lee , Seonghyeon Lim , Hyunkyung Noh , Seungho Choi , Sang-Woo Lee , Jung Hwa Lim , Nako Sung

We present TuringQ, the first benchmark designed to evaluate the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in the theory of computation. TuringQ consists of 4,006 undergraduate and graduate-level question-answer pairs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Pardis Sadat Zahraei , Ehsaneddin Asgari

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve impressive accuracy on mathematical reasoning benchmarks, yet their performance drops when problems are modified with simple changes like different names or numbers. Code execution methods, which let…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Matthew Kutakh

This paper introduces ConceptMath, a bilingual (English and Chinese), fine-grained benchmark that evaluates concept-wise mathematical reasoning of Large Language Models (LLMs). Unlike traditional benchmarks that evaluate general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Yanan Wu , Jie Liu , Xingyuan Bu , Jiaheng Liu , Zhanhui Zhou , Yuanxing Zhang , Chenchen Zhang , Zhiqi Bai , Haibin Chen , Tiezheng Ge , Wanli Ouyang , Wenbo Su , Bo Zheng