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Ultrasound imaging is widely used in clinical practice due to its cost-effectiveness, mobility, and safety. However, current AI research often treats disease prediction and tissue segmentation as two separate tasks and their model requires…

Deep convolutional neural networks for image segmentation do not learn the label structure explicitly and may produce segmentations with an incorrect structure, e.g., with disconnected cylindrical structures in the segmentation of tree-like…

Solving variational image segmentation problems with hidden physics is often expensive and requires different algorithms and manually tunes model parameter. The deep learning methods based on the U-Net structure have obtained outstanding…

Mapping standing dead trees is critical for assessing forest health, monitoring biodiversity, and mitigating wildfire risks, for which aerial imagery has proven useful. However, dense canopy structures, spectral overlaps between living and…

A key limitation of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) based image segmentation methods is the lack of generalizability. Manually traced training images are typically required when segmenting organs in a new imaging modality or from…

Automatic medical image segmentation, an essential component of medical image analysis, plays an importantrole in computer-aided diagnosis. For example, locating and segmenting the liver can be very helpful in livercancer diagnosis and…

Real-time tool segmentation from endoscopic videos is an essential part of many computer-assisted robotic surgical systems and of critical importance in robotic surgical data science. We propose two novel deep learning architectures for…

For complex segmentation tasks, fully automatic systems are inherently limited in their achievable accuracy for extracting relevant objects. Especially in cases where only few data sets need to be processed for a highly accurate result,…

The computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems can highly improve the reliability and efficiency of melanoma recognition. As a crucial step of CAD, skin lesion segmentation has the unsatisfactory accuracy in existing methods due to large…

Automatic tumor segmentation is a crucial step in medical image analysis for computer-aided diagnosis. Although the existing methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved the state-of-the-art performance, many…

Brain tumor segmentation is a critical task in medical image analysis, aiding in the diagnosis and treatment planning of brain tumor patients. The importance of automated and accurate brain tumor segmentation cannot be overstated. It…

Automatic lesion detection and segmentation from [${}^{18}$F]FDG PET/CT scans is a challenging task, due to the diversity of shapes, sizes, FDG uptake and location they may present, besides the fact that physiological uptake is also present…

Medical image segmentation plays a pivotal role in disease diagnosis and treatment planning, particularly in resource-constrained clinical settings where lightweight and generalizable models are urgently needed. However, existing…

Semantic image segmentation is the process of labeling each pixel of an image with its corresponding class. An encoder-decoder based approach, like U-Net and its variants, is a popular strategy for solving medical image segmentation tasks.…

This paper presents a fully automatic and end-to-end optimised airway segmentation method for thoracic computed tomography, based on the U-Net architecture. We use a simple and low-memory 3D U-Net as backbone, which allows the method to…

Medical image segmentation plays an essential role in developing computer-assisted diagnosis and therapy systems, yet still faces many challenges. In the past few years, the popular encoder-decoder architectures based on CNNs (e.g., U-Net)…

In this paper, we present ShelfNet, a novel architecture for accurate fast semantic segmentation. Different from the single encoder-decoder structure, ShelfNet has multiple encoder-decoder branch pairs with skip connections at each spatial…

Automatic segmentation of diverse heterogeneous brain lesions using multi-modal MRI is a challenging problem in clinical neuroimaging, mainly because of the lack of generalizability and high prediction variance of pathology-specific deep…

Convolutional blocks have played a crucial role in advancing medical image segmentation by excelling in dense prediction tasks. However, their inability to effectively capture long-range dependencies has limited their performance.…

Segmentation of 3D medical images is a critical task for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have dominated the field, achieving significant success in 3D medical image segmentation. However, CNNs…