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A graph embedded in the 3-sphere is called irreducible if it is non-splittable and for any 2-sphere embedded in the 3-sphere that intersects the graph at one point the graph is contained in one of the 3-balls bounded by the 2-sphere. We…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kouki Taniyama

We introduce a new one-variable polynomial invariant of graphs, which we call the skew characteristic polynomial. For an oriented simple graph, this is just the characteristic polynomial of its anti-symmetric adjacency matrix. For…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-14 R. Dogra , S. Lando

A manifold $M^n$ inherits a labeled $n$-dimensional graph $\widetilde{M}[G^L]$ structure consisting of its charts. This structure enables one to characterize fundamental groups of manifolds, classify those of locally compact manifolds with…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2010-06-21 Linfan Mao

A graph is called integral if its eigenvalues are integers. In this article, we provide the necessary and sufficient conditions for a Cayley graph over a finite symmetric algebra $R$ to be integral. This generalizes the work of So who…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-06 Tung T. Nguyen , Nguyen Duy Tân

Given a directed graph E, we construct for each real number l a quiver whose vertex space is the topological realisation of E, and whose edges are directed paths of length l in the vertex space. These quivers are not topological graphs in…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2018-07-24 Aidan Sims

We investigate conditions on a graph $C^*$-algebra for the existence of a faithful semifinite trace. Using such a trace and the natural gauge action of the circle on the graph algebra, we construct a smooth $(1,\infty)$-summable semfinite…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David Pask , Adam Rennie

We prove several results about three families of graphs. For queen graphs, defined from the usual moves of a chess queen, we find the edge-chromatic number in almost all cases. In the unproved case, we have a conjecture supported by a vast…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-28 Witold Jarnicki , Wendy Myrvold , Peter Saltzman , Stan Wagon

Generalising the Heilman-Lieb Theorem from statistical physics, Chudnovsky and Seymour [J. Combin. Theory Ser. B, 97(3):350--357] showed that the univariate independence polynomial of any claw-free graph has all of its zeros on the negative…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-09 Mark Jerrum , Viresh Patel

We investigate properties of signed graphs that have few distinct eigenvalues together with a symmetric spectrum. Our main contribution is to determine all signed $(0,2)$-graphs with vertex degree at most $6$ that have precisely two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-27 Gary R. W. Greaves , Zoran Stanić

This is an exposition of results on the existence problem of $\pi_1$-injective immersed and embedded surfaces in graph-manifolds, and also of nonpositively curved metrics on graph-manifolds, obtained by different authors. The results are…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 S. Buyalo , P. Svetlov

We show that a monomial algebra $\Lambda$ over an algebraically closed field $K$ is self-injective if and only if each map $\mathrm{soc}(_{\Lambda}\Lambda)\to \ _{\Lambda}\Lambda$ can be extended to an endomorphism of $_{\Lambda}\Lambda$,…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-07-18 Ardeline M. Buhphang , Rishabh Goswami , Amit Kuber

We give a proof of the Gromov compactness theorem using the language of stable curves (i.e. cusp-curve of Gromov, or stable maps of Kontsevich and Manin) in general setting: An almost complex structure on a target manifold is only…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-09-07 S. Ivashkovich , V. Shevchishin

Let $G$ be a finite simple non-complete connected graph on $\{1, \ldots, n\}$ and $\kappa(G) \geq 1$ its vertex connectivity. Let $f(G)$ denote the number of free vertices of $G$ and $\mathrm{diam}(G)$ the diameter of $G$. Being motivated…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-29 Takayuki Hibi , Sara Saeedi Madani

The graph $G$ is said to be strongly regular with parameters $(n,k,\lambda,\mu)$ if the following conditions hold: (1) each vertex has $k$ neighbours; (2) any two adjacent vertices of $G$ have $\lambda$ common neighbours; (3) any two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-06 Jeepamol J Palathingal , Aparna Lakshmanan S , Greg Markowsky

A claw-free graph is a graph that does not contain $K_{1,3}$ as an induced subgraph, and a 2-factor is a 2-regular spanning subgraph of a graph. In 1997, Ryj\'{a}\v{c}ek introduced the closure concept of claw-free graphs, and Hamilton…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-14 Masaki Kashima

In this paper, all graphs whose adjacency matrix has at most two eigenvalues (multiplicities included) different from $2$ and $-1$ are determined. These graphs conclude a class of generalized friendship graphs $F_{t,r,k}, $ which is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-20 Jing Li , Deqiong Li , Yaoping Hou

Let $K$ be an uncountable compact metric space and let $C(K,\mathbb{R}^d)$ denote the set of continuous maps $f\colon K \to \mathbb{R}^d$ endowed with the maximum norm. The goal of this paper is to determine various fractal dimensions of…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-12-29 Richárd Balka

We present a full geometric characterization of the $1$-dimensional (semialgebraic) images $S$ of either $n$-dimensional closed balls $\overline{\mathcal B}_n\subset{\mathbb R}^n$ or $n$-dimensional spheres ${\mathbb S}^n\subset{\mathbb…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-07-09 José F. Fernando

We study intrinsically linked graphs where we require that every embedding of the graph contains not just a non-split link, but a link that satisfies some additional property. Examples of properties we address in this paper are: a two…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-10-01 Thomas Fleming , Alexander Diesl

A countable, bounded degree graph is almost finite if it has a tiling with isomorphic copies of finitely many F\o lner sets, and we call it strongly almost finite, if the tiling can be randomized so that the probability that a vertex is on…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-22 Gábor Elek , Ádám Timár