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Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for automated unit test generation. However, it remains unclear whether these tests reflect genuine reasoning about program behavior or simply reproduce superficial patterns learned during…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Sabaat Haroon , Mohammad Taha Khan , Muhammad Ali Gulzar

Unit tests play a vital role in uncovering potential faults in software. While tools like EvoSuite focus on maximizing code coverage, recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shifted attention toward LLM-based test generation.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Guancheng Wang , Qinghua Xu , Lionel Briand , Kui Liu

Understanding how software defects manifest and evolve in production environments is critical for improving reliability. While previous research has largely focused on pre-release defects, the nature of residual faults, i.e., those escaping…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Domenico Cotroneo , Giuseppe De Rosa , Cristina Improta , Benedetta Gaia Varriale

Quantum software testing has attracted interest in recent years, prompting the development of various techniques to automate the testing of quantum software. These techniques generate test cases that must be assessed for their effectiveness…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Eñaut Mendiluze Usandizaga , Thomas Laurent , Paolo Arcaini , Shaukat Ali

Modern software systems have transitioned from purely code-based architectures to AI-integrated systems where pre-trained models (PTMs) serve as permanent dependencies. However, while the evolution of traditional software libraries is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Peerachai Banyongrakkul , Mansooreh Zahedi , Christoph Treude , Haoyu Gao , Patanamon Thongtanunam

Machine learning (ML) has been widely used in the literature to automate software engineering tasks. However, ML outcomes may be sensitive to randomization in data sampling mechanisms and learning procedures. To understand whether and how…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Cynthia C. S. Liem , Annibale Panichella

Mutation testing is vital for ensuring software quality. However, the presence of equivalent mutants is known to introduce redundant cost and bias issues, hindering the effectiveness of mutation testing in practical use. Although numerous…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Zhao Tian , Honglin Shu , Dong Wang , Xuejie Cao , Yasutaka Kamei , Junjie Chen

In this paper, we present the Metamorphic Testing of an in-use deep learning based forecasting application. The application looks at the past data of system characteristics (e.g. `memory allocation') to predict outages in the future. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-17 Anurag Dwarakanath , Manish Ahuja , Sanjay Podder , Silja Vinu , Arijit Naskar , Koushik MV

The competent programmer hypothesis states that most programmers are competent enough to create correct or almost correct source code. Because this implies that bugs should usually manifest through small variations of the correct code, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Zaheed Ahmed , Eike Stein , Steffen Herbold , Fabian Trautsch , Jens Grabowski

Test Case Prioritization (TCP) is an important component of regression testing, allowing for earlier detection of faults or helping to reduce testing time and cost. While several TCP approaches exist in the research literature, a growing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-09-20 Qi Luo , Kevin Moran , Denys Poshyvanyk , Massimiliano Di Penta

Fuzzing is an important method to discover vulnerabilities in programs. Despite considerable progress in this area in the past years, measuring and comparing the effectiveness of fuzzers is still an open research question. In software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Philipp Görz , Björn Mathis , Keno Hassler , Emre Güler , Thorsten Holz , Andreas Zeller , Rahul Gopinath

Mutation testing is an effective but time consuming method for gauging the quality of a test suite. It functions by repeatedly making changes, called mutants, to the source code and checking whether the test suite fails (i.e., whether the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-09-13 Serena Chen

Mutation testing is the state-of-the-art technique for assessing the fault-detection capacity of a test suite. Unfortunately, mutation testing consumes enormous computing resources because it runs the whole test suite for each and every…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-10-10 Sten Vercammen , Mohammad Ghafari , Serge Demeyer , Markus Borg

Mutation testing is used to evaluate the effectiveness of test suites. In recent years, a promising variation called extreme mutation testing emerged that is computationally less expensive. It identifies methods where their functionality…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Maik Betka , Stefan Wagner

Mutation analysis is a powerful technique for assessing test-suite adequacy, yet conventional approaches suffer from generating redundant, equivalent, or non-executable mutants. These challenges are particularly amplified in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Pablo Valle , Shaukat Ali , Aitor Arrieta

Here we study how mutations which change physical properties of cell proteins (stability) impact population survival and growth. In our model the genotype is presented as a set of N numbers, folding free energies of cells N proteins.…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2009-03-10 Peiqiu Chen , Eugene I. Shakhnovich

The bug growth pattern prediction is a complicated, unrelieved task, which needs considerable attention. Advance knowledge of the likely number of bugs discovered in the software system helps software developers in designating sufficient…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Hadi Jahanshahi , Mucahit Cevik , Ayşe Başar

Stochastic models of sequential mutation acquisition are widely used to quantify cancer and bacterial evolution. Across manifold scenarios, recurrent research questions are: how many cells are there with $n$ alterations, and how long will…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-07-07 Michael D. Nicholson , David Cheek , Tibor Antal

One of the critical phases in software development is software testing. Testing helps with identifying potential bugs and reducing maintenance costs. The goal of automated test generation tools is to ease the development of tests by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Arghavan Moradi Dakhel , Amin Nikanjam , Vahid Majdinasab , Foutse Khomh , Michel C. Desmarais

Software testing is a critical, yet resource-intensive phase of the software development lifecycle. Over the years, various automated tools have been developed to aid in this process. Search-based approaches typically achieve high coverage…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Pengyu Chang , Yixiong Fang , Silin Chen , Yuling Shi , Beijun Shen , Xiaodong Gu