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Deep 3D point cloud models are sensitive to adversarial attacks, which poses threats to safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving. Robust training and defend-by-denoising are typical strategies for defending adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Kui Zhang , Hang Zhou , Jie Zhang , Qidong Huang , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Physics-based models often involve large systems of parametrized partial differential equations, where design parameters control various properties. However, high-fidelity simulations of such systems on large domains or with high grid…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-05-15 Diba Behnoudfar

This paper develops and analyzes a general iterative framework for solving parameter-dependent and random convection-diffusion problems. It is inspired by the multi-modes method of [7,8] and the ensemble method of [20] and extends those…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-10-22 Xiaobing Feng , Yan Luo , Liet Vo , Zhu Wang

The Continuous p-Dispersion Problem (CpDP) with boundary constraints asks for the placement of a fixed number of points in a compact subset of Euclidean space such that the minimum distance between any two points, as well as the points and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-02 Sanjay Manoj , Melkior Ornik

Unfitted finite element methods, e.g., extended finite element techniques or the so-called finite cell method, have a great potential for large scale simulations, since they avoid the generation of body-fitted meshes and the use of graph…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-09-29 Santiago Badia , Francesc Verdugo

We propose a seamless multiscale method which approximates the macroscopic behavior of the passive advection-diffusion equations with steady incompressible velocity fields with multi-spatial scales. The method uses decompositions of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-06-22 Yoonsang Lee , Bjorn Engquist

In this paper we develop and analyse domain decomposition methods for linear systems of equations arising from conforming finite element discretisations of positive Maxwell-type equations. Convergence of domain decomposition methods rely…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-07-08 Niall Bootland , Victorita Dolean , Frédéric Nataf , Pierre-Henri Tournier

Diffusion models (DMs) have recently shown remarkable performance on inverse problems (IPs). Optimization-based methods can fast solve IPs using DMs as powerful regularizers, but they are susceptible to local minima and noise overfitting.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yingzhi Xia , Setthakorn Tanomkiattikun , Liangli Zhen , Zaiwang Gu

In this work, we first present an adaptive deterministic block coordinate descent method with momentum (mADBCD) to solve the linear least-squares problem, which is based on Polyak's heavy ball method and a new column selection criterion for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Long-Ze Tan , Ming-Yu Deng , Jia-Li Qiu , Xue-Ping Guo

Diffuse domain methods (DDMs) have garnered significant attention for approximating solutions to partial differential equations on complex geometries. These methods implicitly represent the geometry by replacing the sharp boundary interface…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-04-25 Toai Luong , Tadele Mengesha , Steven M. Wise , Ming Hei Wong

Diffusion models have demonstrated strong generative capabilities across domains ranging from image synthesis to complex reasoning tasks. However, most inference-time scaling methods rely on fixed denoising schedules, limiting their ability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Gyubin Lee , Truong Nhat Nguyen Bao , Jaesik Yoon , Dongwoo Lee , Minsu Kim , Yoshua Bengio , Sungjin Ahn

Diffuse domain methods (DDMs) have gained significant attention for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) on complex geometries. These methods approximate the domain by replacing sharp boundaries with a diffuse layer of thickness…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-04-25 Toai Luong , Tadele Mengesha , Steven M. Wise , Ming Hei Wong

This paper studies the shallow Ritz method for solving the one-dimensional diffusion problem. It is shown that the shallow Ritz method improves the order of approximation dramatically for non-smooth problems. To realize this optimal or…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Zhiqiang Cai , Anastassia Doktorova , Robert D. Falgout , César Herrera

We perform an exhaustive study of the simplest, nontrivial problem in advection-diffusion -- a finite absorber of arbitrary cross section in a steady two-dimensional potential flow of concentrated fluid. This classical problem has been…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-10 Jaehyuk Choi , Dionisios Margetis , Todd M. Squires , Martin Z. Bazant

This work presents an overview of several nonlinear reduction strategies for data compression from various research fields, and a comparison of their performance when applied to problems characterized by diffusion and/or advection terms. We…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Isabella Carla Gonnella , Federico Pichi , Gianluigi Rozza

The combination of reduced basis and collocation methods enables efficient and accurate evaluation of the solutions to parameterized PDEs. In this paper, we study the stochastic collocation methods that can be combined with reduced basis…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-04-19 Heyrim Cho , Howard C. Elman

Diffusion models have recently achieved great success in the synthesis of high-quality images and videos. However, the existing denoising techniques in diffusion models are commonly based on step-by-step noise predictions, which suffers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Hancheng Ye , Jiakang Yuan , Renqiu Xia , Xiangchao Yan , Tao Chen , Junchi Yan , Botian Shi , Bo Zhang

In this paper we formulate and analyse adaptive (space-time) least-squares finite element methods for the solution of convection-diffusion equations. The convective derivative $\mathbf{v} \cdot \nabla u$ is considered as part of the total…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Christian Köthe , Olaf Steinbach

We present a novel approach for solving steady-state stochastic partial differential equations (PDEs) with high-dimensional random parameter space. The proposed approach combines spatial domain decomposition with basis adaptation for each…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-10-25 Ramkrishna Tipireddy , Panos Stinis , Alexandre Tartakovsky

This article investigates the non-stationary reaction-diffusion-advection equation, emphasizing solutions with internal layers and the associated inverse problems. We examine a nonlinear singularly perturbed partial differential equation…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-02-06 Dmitrii Chaikovskii , Ye Zhang , Aleksei Liubavin