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In context-aware trust evaluation, using ontology tree is a popular approach to represent the relation between contexts. Usually, similarity between two contexts is computed using these trees. Therefore, the performance of trust evaluation…

We propose algorithms to create adversarial attacks to assess model robustness in text classification problems. They can be used to create white box attacks and black box attacks while at the same time preserving the semantics and syntax of…

Feature attribution methods have become a staple method to disentangle the complex behavior of black box models. Despite their success, some scholars have argued that such methods suffer from a serious flaw: they do not allow a reliable…

Explainable AI (XAI) helps users interpret model behavior and identify potential faults. Agentic XAI systems use Large Language Models (LLMs) to make explanations more accessible through natural-language interaction, but they can also…

Over the past decade, there has been extensive research aimed at enhancing the robustness of neural networks, yet this problem remains vastly unsolved. Here, one major impediment has been the overestimation of the robustness of new defense…

Robustness of huge Transformer-based models for natural language processing is an important issue due to their capabilities and wide adoption. One way to understand and improve robustness of these models is an exploration of an adversarial…

Correctly evaluating defenses against adversarial examples has proven to be extremely difficult. Despite the significant amount of recent work attempting to design defenses that withstand adaptive attacks, few have succeeded; most papers…

Although it is common for users to select bad passwords that can be easily cracked by attackers, password-based authentication remains the most widely-used method. To encourage users to select good passwords, enterprises often enforce…

Recent research in explainability has given rise to numerous post-hoc attribution methods aimed at enhancing our comprehension of the outputs of black-box machine learning models. However, evaluating the quality of explanations lacks a…

Adversarial training has been shown to be reliable in improving robustness against adversarial samples. However, the problem of adversarial training in terms of fairness has not yet been properly studied, and the relationship between…

Causality has gained popularity in recent years. It has helped improve the performance, reliability, and interpretability of machine learning models. However, recent literature on explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) has faced…

Do word embeddings converge to learn similar things over different initializations? How repeatable are experiments with word embeddings? Are all word embedding techniques equally reliable? In this paper we propose evaluating methods for…

Explanations are crucial parts of deep neural network (DNN) classifiers. In high stakes applications, faithful and robust explanations are important to understand and gain trust in DNN classifiers. However, recent work has shown that…

Explainability of AI models is an important topic that can have a significant impact in all domains and applications from autonomous driving to healthcare. The existing approaches to explainable AI (XAI) are mainly limited to simple machine…

Binary function similarity, which often relies on learning-based algorithms to identify what functions in a pool are most similar to a given query function, is a sought-after topic in different communities, including machine learning,…

Counterfactual explanation generation is a powerful method for Explainable Artificial Intelligence. It can help users understand why machine learning models make specific decisions, and how to change those decisions. Evaluating the…

The existence of adversarial data examples has drawn significant attention in the deep-learning community; such data are seemingly minimally perturbed relative to the original data, but lead to very different outputs from a deep-learning…

We are witnessing the emergence of an AI economy and society where AI technologies are increasingly impacting health care, business, transportation and many aspects of everyday life. Many successes have been reported where AI systems even…

The increasing reliance on Deep Learning models, combined with their inherent lack of transparency, has spurred the development of a novel field of study known as eXplainable AI (XAI) methods. These methods seek to enhance the trust of…

Deep neural networks for medical image classification often fail to generalize consistently in clinical practice due to violations of the i.i.d. assumption and opaque decision-making. This paper examines interpretability in deep neural…