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Non-volatile Neuromorphic Computing (NC) elements utilizing Spin Orbit Torque (SOT) provide a viable solution to alleviate the memory wall bottleneck in contemporary computing systems. However, the two challenges, low SOT efficiency and the…
Bringing efficient second-order nonlinear effects in integrated photonics is an important task motivated by the prospect of enabling all possible optical functionalities on chip. Such task has proved particularly challenging in silicon…
Ternary alloys of Ge-Sb-Te (GST) have been extensively studied due to their unique ability display a reversible change in their phase upon stimulation by optical pulses i.e., amorphous (a-GST) to crystalline (c-GST) and vice-versa. The two…
The advancement in capabilities enabled by handheld devices and the prospective internet of things has led to an explosion of wireless data consumption in the last decade. The ever-increasing demand for high speed data transfer has…
Programmable photonic integrated circuits are expected to play an increasingly important role to enable high-bandwidth optical interconnects, and large-scale in-memory computing as needed to support the rise of artificial intelligence and…
We have investigated second harmonic generation (SHG) from Ag-coated LiNbO3 (LN) core-shell nanocuboids and found that giant SHG can occur via deliberately designed double plasmonic resonances. By controlling the aspect ratio, we can tune…
Neuromorphic photonic computing represents a paradigm shift for next-generation machine intelligence, yet critical gaps persist in emulating the brain's event-driven, asynchronous dynamics,a fundamental barrier to unlocking its full…
In this paper, we propose a geometric shaping (GS) strategy to design 8, 16, 32 and 64-ary modulation formats for the optical fibre channel impaired by both additive white Gaussian (AWGN) and phase noise. The constellations were optimised…
Inverse design of metasurfaces for the joint optimization of optical modulation and algorithmic decoding in computational optics presents significant challenges, especially in applications such as hyperspectral imaging. We introduce a…
Nonlinear frequency conversion plays a crucial role in advancing the functionality of next-generation optical systems. Portable metrology references and quantum networks will demand highly efficient second-order nonlinear devices, and the…
We present an ultrasensitive technique for probing transient optical changes in atomically thin molybdenum disulfide (MoS$_2$) layers integrated onto silicon nitride (Si$_3$N$_4$) ring resonators. The MoS$_2$ is illuminated by a femtosecond…
We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of enhanced third-harmonic generation (THG) in silicon nitride metasurfaces. These structures exhibit strong resonant nonlinear responses, enabling up to two orders of magnitude…
Thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) based optical microresonators offer large nonlinear coefficient d_33 and high light-wave confinement, allowing highly efficient second-order optical nonlinear frequency conversion. Here, we achieved…
The miniaturization of nonlinear light sources is central to the integrated photonic platform, driving a quest for high-efficiency frequency generation and mixing at the nanoscale. In this quest, the high-quality ($Q$) resonant dielectric…
Binary stochastic neurons (BSNs) are excellent activators for machine learning. An ideal platform for implementing them are low- or zero-energy-barrier nanomagnets (LBMs) possessing in-plane anisotropy (e.g. circular or slightly elliptical…
Second harmonic generation (SHG) is a coherent nonlinear phenomenon that plays an important role in laser color conversion. Lithium niobate (LN), which features both a large band gap and outstanding second-order nonlinearities, acts as an…
Gradient descent-based backpropagation training is widely used in many neural network systems. However, photonic implementation of such method is not straightforward mainly since having both the nonlinear activation function and its…
We present a theoretical framework and practical methodology for designing high-efficiency metagratings (MGs), sparse periodic arrangements of subwavelength polarizable particles (meta-atoms), on low-cost dielectric substrates with…
High-speed modulation and deterministic control of optical nonlinear processes in nanomaterials are essential for realizing future nanoscale optoelectronic devices. Applying strain is a ubiquitous and versatile approach to deform atomically…
We demonstrate a free-space amplitude modulator for mid-infrared radiation (lambda=9.6 um) that operates at room temperature up to at least 20 GHz (above the -3dB cutoff frequency measured at 8.2 GHz). The device relies on the ultra-fast…