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Sensor fusion is crucial for an accurate and robust perception system on autonomous vehicles. Most existing datasets and perception solutions focus on fusing cameras and LiDAR. However, the collaboration between camera and radar is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Yizhou Wang , Jen-Hao Cheng , Jui-Te Huang , Sheng-Yao Kuan , Qiqian Fu , Chiming Ni , Shengyu Hao , Gaoang Wang , Guanbin Xing , Hui Liu , Jenq-Neng Hwang

Multi-sensor fusion plays a critical role in enhancing perception for autonomous driving, overcoming individual sensor limitations, and enabling comprehensive environmental understanding. This paper first formalizes multi-sensor fusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Chuheng Wei , Ziye Qin , Ziyan Zhang , Guoyuan Wu , Matthew J. Barth

Our study assesses the adversarial robustness of LiDAR-camera fusion models in 3D object detection. We introduce an attack technique that, by simply adding a limited number of physically constrained adversarial points above a car, can make…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Bo Yang , Xiaoyu Ji , Zizhi Jin , Yushi Cheng , Wenyuan Xu

3D object detection is a common function within the perception system of an autonomous vehicle and outputs a list of 3D bounding boxes around objects of interest. Various 3D object detection methods have relied on fusion of different sensor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Eduardo Arnold , Mehrdad Dianati , Robert de Temple , Saber Fallah

Reliable detection and tracking of surrounding objects are indispensable for comprehensive motion prediction and planning of autonomous vehicles. Due to the limitations of individual sensors, the fusion of multiple sensor modalities is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Phillip Karle , Felix Fent , Sebastian Huch , Florian Sauerbeck , Markus Lienkamp

Autonomously driving vehicles require a complete and robust perception of the local environment. A main challenge is to perceive any other road users, where multi-object tracking or occupancy grid maps are commonly used. The presented…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Fabian Gies , Andreas Danzer , Klaus Dietmayer

Cooperative perception offers several benefits for enhancing the capabilities of autonomous vehicles and improving road safety. Using roadside sensors in addition to onboard sensors increases reliability and extends the sensor range.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Walter Zimmer , Gerhard Arya Wardana , Suren Sritharan , Xingcheng Zhou , Rui Song , Alois C. Knoll

Sensor fusion is crucial for a performant and robust Perception system in autonomous vehicles, but sensor staleness, where data from different sensors arrives with varying delays, poses significant challenges. Temporal misalignment between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Meng Fan , Yifan Zuo , Patrick Blaes , Harley Montgomery , Subhasis Das

Continuous perception, the ability to integrate visual observations over time in a continuous stream fashion, is essential for robust real-world understanding, yet remains largely untested in current multimodal models. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Zeyu Wang , Zhenzhen Weng , Serena Yeung-Levy

Infrastructure-based perception plays a crucial role in intelligent transportation systems, offering global situational awareness and enabling cooperative autonomy. However, existing camera-based detection models often underperform in such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Yun Zhang , Zhaoliang Zheng , Johnson Liu , Zhiyu Huang , Zewei Zhou , Zonglin Meng , Tianhui Cai , Jiaqi Ma

One of the main paths towards the reduction of traffic accidents is the increase in vehicle safety through driver assistance systems or even systems with a complete level of autonomy. In these types of systems, tasks such as obstacle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Felipe Manfio Barbosa , Fernando Santos Osório

Sensor fusion is an essential topic in many perception systems, such as autonomous driving and robotics. Transformers-based detection head and CNN-based feature encoder to extract features from raw sensor-data has emerged as one of the best…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Apoorv Singh

Autonomous vehicles face major perception and navigation challenges in adverse weather such as rain, fog, and snow, which degrade the performance of LiDAR, RADAR, and RGB camera sensors. While each sensor type offers unique strengths, such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Nour Alhuda Albashir , Lars Pernickel , Danial Hamoud , Idriss Gouigah , Eren Erdal Aksoy

Optical flow estimation is extensively used in autonomous driving and video editing. While existing models demonstrate state-of-the-art performance across various benchmarks, the robustness of these methods has been infrequently…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-25 Zhonghua Yi , Hao Shi , Qi Jiang , Yao Gao , Ze Wang , Yufan Zhang , Kailun Yang , Kaiwei Wang

Accurate 3D object detection for autonomous driving requires complementary sensors. Cameras provide dense semantics but unreliable depth, while millimeter-wave radar offers precise range and velocity measurements with sparse geometry. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Mayank Mayank , Bharanidhar Duraisamy , Florian Geiß , Abhinav Valada

Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS) have been thriving and widely deployed in recent years. In general, these systems receive sensor data, compute driving decisions, and output control signals to the vehicles. To smooth out the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Ziyuan Zhong , Zhisheng Hu , Shengjian Guo , Xinyang Zhang , Zhenyu Zhong , Baishakhi Ray

In the realm of modern autonomous driving, the perception system is indispensable for accurately assessing the state of the surrounding environment, thereby enabling informed prediction and planning. The key step to this system is related…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Ziying Song , Lin Liu , Feiyang Jia , Yadan Luo , Guoxin Zhang , Lei Yang , Li Wang , Caiyan Jia

DRIVE-C is a controlled corruption dataset designed to evaluate visual perception robustness in autonomous driving systems. It is built from real-world forward-facing driving videos collected across daytime, nighttime, urban, rural,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Shiva Aher

Multi-sensor fusion is crucial for accurate 3D object detection in autonomous driving, with cameras and LiDAR being the most commonly used sensors. However, existing methods perform sensor fusion in a single view by projecting features from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Rohit Mohan , Daniele Cattaneo , Florian Drews , Abhinav Valada

High-level Autonomous Driving Systems (ADSs), such as Google Waymo and Baidu Apollo, typically rely on multi-sensor fusion (MSF) based approaches to perceive their surroundings. This strategy increases perception robustness by combining the…