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The increasing prevalence of graph-structured data across various domains has intensified greater interest in graph classification tasks. While numerous sophisticated graph learning methods have emerged, their complexity often hinders…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Saiful Islam , Md. Nahid Hasan , Pitambar Khanra

A graph is NIC-planar if it admits a drawing in the plane with at most one crossing per edge and such that two pairs of crossing edges share at most one common end vertex. NIC-planarity generalizes IC-planarity, which allows a vertex to be…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-11-06 Christian Bachmaier , Franz J. Brandenburg , Kathrin Hanauer , Daniel Neuwirth , Josef Reislhuber

In view of the many quantum field theoretical descriptions of graphene in $2+1$ dimensions, we present another field theoretical feature of graphene, in the presence of defects. Particularly, we shall be interested in gapped graphene in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-30 V. K. Oikonomou

Embedding fields provide a way of coupling a background structure to a theory while preserving diffeomorphism-invariance. Examples of such background structures include embedded submanifolds, such as branes; boundaries of local subregions,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-29 Antony J. Speranza

In this paper we are interested in an intrinsic property of graphs which is derived from their embeddings into the Euclidean 3-space $\mathbb{R}^3$. An embedding of a graph into $\mathbb{R}^3$ is said to be linear, if it sends every edge to…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2022-06-24 Youngsik Huh , Jung Hoon Lee

Determining whether two graphs are isomorphic is a fundamental problem with practical applications in areas such as molecular chemistry or social network analysis, yet it remains a challenging task, with exact solutions often being…

Optical properties of graphene are explored by using the generalized tight-binding model. The main features of spectral structures, the form, frequency, number and intensity, are greatly enriched by the complex relationship among the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2016-07-20 Chiun-Yan Lin , Thi-Nga Do , Yao-Kung Huang , Ming-Fa Lin

With the rising interest in graph representation learning, a variety of approaches have been proposed to effectively capture a graph's properties. While these approaches have improved performance in graph machine learning tasks compared to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Antonia Gogoglou , C. Bayan Bruss , Keegan E. Hines

We study the \emph{picture space} $X^d(G)$ of all embeddings of a finite graph $G$ as point-and-line arrangements in an arbitrary-dimensional projective space, continuing previous work on the planar case. The picture space admits a natural…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-10-05 Thomas Enkosky , Jeremy L. Martin

The exploitation of graph structures is the key to effectively learning representations of nodes that preserve useful information in graphs. A remarkable property of graph is that a latent hierarchical grouping of nodes exists in a global…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Lu Lin , Ethan Blaser , Hongning Wang

We present a model system that might serve as a blueprint for the controlled layout of graphene based nanodevices. The systems consists of chains of B7 clusters implanted in a graphene matrix, where the boron clusters are not directly…

Materials Science · Physics 2008-07-25 A. Quandt , C. Ozdogan , J. Kunstmann , H. Fehske

Rigidity theory studies the properties of graphs that can have rigid embeddings in a euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^d$ or on a sphere and which in addition satisfy certain edge length constraints. One of the major open problems in this field…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-02-05 Evangelos Bartzos , Ioannis Z. Emiris , Jan Legerský , Elias Tsigaridas

The set of factorizations of permutations in to $m$ transpositions of some symmetric group $\mathcal{S}_n$ is naturally in bijection with the set of graphs of order $n$ and size $m$ with both edges and vertices labeled. We define a notion…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-01 Nikos Apostolakis

Let claw be the graph $K_{1,3}$. A graph $G$ on $n\geq 3$ vertices is called \emph{o}-heavy if each induced claw of $G$ has a pair of end-vertices with degree sum at least $n$, and 1-heavy if at least one end-vertex of each induced claw of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-06-23 Bo Ning , Shenggui Zhang , Bing Chen

Any planar graph has a crossing-free straight-line drawing in the plane. A simultaneous geometric embedding of two n-vertex graphs is a straight-line drawing of both graphs on a common set of n points, such that the edges withing each…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Martin Kutz

A graph is \emph{fan-crossing free} if it has a drawing in the plane so that each edge is crossed by independent edges, that is the crossing edges have distinct vertices. On the other hand, it is \emph{fan-crossing} if the crossing edges…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Franz J. Brandenburg

Graph embedding, especially as a subgraph of a grid, is an old topic in VLSI design and graph drawing. In this paper, we investigate related questions concerning the complexity of embedding a graph $G$ in a host graph that is the strong…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Therese Biedl , David Eppstein , Torsten Ueckerdt

Representation learning on graphs, also called graph embedding, has demonstrated its significant impact on a series of machine learning applications such as classification, prediction and recommendation. However, existing work has largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Yifan Hou , Hongzhi Chen , Changji Li , James Cheng , Ming-Chang Yang

Graph embedding has become a key component of many data mining and analysis systems. Current graph embedding approaches either sample a large number of node pairs from a graph to learn node embeddings via stochastic optimization or…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-12-20 Artem Lutov , Dingqi Yang , Philippe Cudré-Mauroux

Graph embeddings are low dimensional representations of nodes, edges or whole graphs. Such representations allow for data in a network format to be used along with machine learning models for a variety of tasks (e.g., node classification),…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Kaléu Delphino