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There are two prominent applications of the mathematical concept of topology to the physics of materials: band topology, which classifies different topological insulators and semimetals, and topological defects that represent immutable…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-08-11 Zhi-Kang Lin , Qiang Wang , Yang Liu , Haoran Xue , Baile Zhang , Yidong Chong , Jian-Hua Jiang

Non-invasive brain imaging techniques allow understanding the behavior and macro changes in the brain to determine the progress of a disease. However, computational pathology provides a deeper understanding of brain disorders at cellular…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-18 Gabriel Jimenez , Daniel Racoceanu

We argue that there should exist a "noncommutative Fourier transform" which should identify functions of noncommutative variables (say, of matrices of indeterminate size) and ordinary functions or measures on the space of paths. Some…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 M. Kapranov

Following the results and the general methodological framework of a preceeding paper (Models and Metaphors, part I, henceforth: MM), we develop some results on the epistemological state of natural laws and ask for explicit possibilities of…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2016-09-08 R. E. Zimmermann , A. Schlemm , D. Zeilinger , V. G. Budanov , V. E. Voitsekhovitch

We give upper and lower bounds on the spectral radius of a graph in terms of the number of walks. We generalize a number of known results.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Nikiforov

These notes present some elements of causality theory. While they are not as complete as other treatments of the topic, there is some originality in that the whole approach is based on a definition of causal curves which allows to simplify…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-11-01 Piotr T. Chruściel

In this paper, we present recent results about the developement of a semiclassical approach in the setting of nilpotent Lie groups and nilmanifolds. We focus on two-step nilmanifolds and exhibit some properties of the weak limits of…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-11-28 Clotilde Fermanian Kammerer , Véronique Fischer , Steven Flynn

This article proposes different tests for treatment effect heterogeneity when the outcome of interest, typically a duration variable, may be right-censored. The proposed tests study whether a policy 1) has zero distributional (average)…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-02-19 Pedro H. C. Sant'Anna

In this paper we give a brief introduction to criteria for metrisability of a manifold and to some aspects of non-metrisable manifolds. Bias towards work currently being done by the author and his colleagues at the University of Auckland…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2016-09-07 David Gauld

We prove that the set of proper ideals of a monoid endowed with coarse lower topology is a spectral space.

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-04-29 Amartya Goswami

We develop a nonlinear theory for infrahyperfunctions (also referred to as quasianalytic (ultra)distributions by L. H\"{o}rmander). In the hyperfunction case our work can be summarized as follows. We construct a differential algebra that…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2019-12-19 Andreas Debrouwere , Hans Vernaeve , Jasson Vindas

This paper is a sequel of Imamura (2019) (arXiv:1711.01609) where we set up a framework of nonstandard large-scale topology. In the present paper, we apply our framework to various topics in large-scale topology: spaces having with both…

General Topology · Mathematics 2022-05-19 Takuma Imamura

Purpose of Review: Negative controls are a powerful tool to detect and adjust for bias in epidemiological research. This paper introduces negative controls to a broader audience and provides guidance on principled design and causal analysis…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-20 Xu Shi , Wang Miao , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen

Non-Archimedean mathematics (in particular, nonstandard analysis) allows to construct some useful models to study certain phenomena arising in PDE's; for example, it allows to construct generalized solutions of differential equations and…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-12-18 Vieri Benci , Lorenzo Luperi Baglini

We claim that human mathematics is only a limited part of the consequences of the chosen basic axioms. Properly human mathematics varies with time but appears to have universal features which we try to analyze. In particular the functioning…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-02-21 David Ruelle

Computational pathology, which involves analyzing whole slide images for automated cancer diagnosis, relies on multiple instance learning, where performance depends heavily on the feature extractor and aggregator. Recent Pathology…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Conghao Xiong , Hao Chen , Joseph J. Y. Sung

A quantum measurement model based upon restricted path-integrals allows us to study measurements of generalized position in various one-dimensional systems of phenomenological interest. After a general overview of the method we discuss the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 Tommaso Calarco , Roberto Onofrio , Carlo Presilla , Lorenza Viola

We establish non-asymptotic lower bounds for the estimation of principal subspaces. As applications, we obtain new results for the excess risk of principal component analysis and the matrix denoising problem.

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Martin Wahl

A common problem in health research is that we have a large database with many variables measured on a large number of individuals. We are interested in measuring additional variables on a subsample; these measurements may be newly…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-22 Thomas Lumley , Tong Chen

This text brings to an end the classification of non-reduced parabolic subgroups in positive characteristic, especially two and three: they are all obtained as intersections of parabolics having maximal reduced part. We prove this result…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2023-12-04 Matilde Maccan