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Cooperative sensing with uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) is a key enabler for low-altitude wireless networks (LAWNs), where sensing accuracy critically depends on the spatial configuration of the UAV formation. In this paper, we study…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-02 Jun Wu , Haijia Jin , Nanchi Su , Jinna Li , Haoyuan Pan , Tse-Tin Chan

Velocity estimation is a cornerstone of the recently introduced near-field predictive beamforming. This paper derives the Cramer-Rao bounds (CRBs) for joint radial and transverse velocity estimation within a predictive beamforming framework…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Khalid A. Alshumayri , Mudassir Masood , Ali. A. Nasir

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a promising solution for the future sixth-generation (6G) system. However, classical fixed-position antenna (FPA) ISAC systems fail to fully utilize spatial degrees of freedom (DoFs), resulting…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Yuan Guo , Wen Chen , Qingqing Wu , Yang Liu , Qiong Wu

Multibeam technology enables the use of two or more subbeams for joint communication and radio sensing, to meet different requirements of beamwidth and pointing directions. Generating and optimizing multibeam subject to the requirements is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-03 Yuyue Luo , J. Andrew Zhang , Xiaojing Huang , Wei Ni , Jin Pan

In this paper, we focus on constant-modulus waveform design for the dual use of radar target detection and cellular transmission. As the MIMO radar typically transmits orthogonal waveforms to search potential targets, we aim at jointly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-15 Fan Liu , Christos Masouros , Hugh Griffiths

Joint communication and radar (JCR) waveforms with fully digital baseband generation and processing can now be realized at the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band. Prior work has proposed a mmWave wireless local area network (WLAN)-based JCR that…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-21 Preeti Kumari , Sergiy A. Vorobyov , Robert W. Heath

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) has garnered growing interest and attention due to its potential for facilitating and supporting wireless communications and sensing. This paper studies a semi-passive IRS-enabled sensing system, where…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-06 Qiaoyan Peng , Qingqing Wu , Wen Chen , Shaodan Ma , Ming-Min Zhao , Octavia A. Dobre

Conventional antenna arrays rely primarily on digital beamforming for spatial control. While adding more elements can narrow beamwidth and suppress interference, such scaling incurs prohibitive hardware and power costs. Rotatable antennas…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-29 Xingxiang Peng , Qingqing Wu , Ziyuan Zheng , Wen Chen , Yanze Zhu , Ying Gao

Integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) as one of the key technologies is capable of supporting high-speed communication and high-precision sensing for the upcoming 6G. This paper studies a waveform strategy by designing the orthogonal…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-13 Ming Lyu , Hao Chen , Dan Wang , Guangyin Feng , Chen Qiu , Xiaodong Xu

This paper studies the multi-intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted cooperative sensing, in which multiple active IRSs are deployed in a distributed manner to facilitate multi-view target sensing at the non-line-of-sight (NLoS) area…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Yuan Fang , Xianghao Yu , Jie Xu , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang

In this paper, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is employed in a millimeter wave (mmWave) integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) system. To alleviate the multi-hop attenuation, the semi-self sensing RIS approach is adopted,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-03 Wanting Lyu , Songjie Yang , Yue Xiu , Ya Li , Hongjun He , Chau Yuen , Zhongpei Zhang

A maximum likelihood estimator for fusing the measurements in an inertial sensor array is presented. The maximum likelihood estimator is concentrated and an iterative solution method is presented for the resulting low-dimensional…

Applications · Statistics 2016-08-24 Isaac Skog , John-Olof Nilsson , Peter Händel , Arye Nehorai

In some estimation problems, not all the parameters can be identified, which results in singularity of the Fisher Information Matrix (FIM). The Cram\'er-Rao Bound (CRB), which is the inverse of the FIM, is then not defined. To regularize…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Elisabeth de Carvalho , Dirk Slock

Reconfigurable distributed antennas and reflecting surface (RDARS) has emerged as a promising architecture for communication and sensing performance enhancement. In particular, the new selection gain can be achieved by leveraging the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-13 Chengwang Ji , Haiquan Lu , Qiaoyan Peng , Jintao Wang , Shaodan Ma

While Cram\'er-Rao lower bound is an important metric in sensing functions in integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) designs, its optimization usually involves a computationally expensive solution such as semidefinite relaxation. In…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Tianyu Fang , Nhan Thanh Nguyen , Markku Juntti

Next generation cellular networks will experience the combination of femtocells, millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communications and massive antenna arrays. Thanks to the beamforming capability as well as the high angular resolution provided by…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-26 Anna Guerra , Francesco Guidi , Davide Dardari

Neural networks are increasingly used to estimate parameters in quantitative MRI, in particular in magnetic resonance fingerprinting. Their advantages over the gold standard non-linear least square fitting are their superior speed and their…

The Bayesian Cram\'er-Rao bound (CRB) provides a lower bound on the mean square error of any Bayesian estimator under mild regularity conditions. It can be used to benchmark the performance of statistical estimators, and provides a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-09 Evan Scope Crafts , Xianyang Zhang , Bo Zhao

In this letter, we consider the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar waveform design in the presence of signal-dependent clutters and additive white Gaussian noise. By imposing the constant modulus constraint (CMC) and waveform…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-05-11 Chenglin Ren , Fan liu , Longfei Zhou , Jianming Zhou , Wu Luo , Shengzhi Yang

Magnetic resonance (MR) fingerprinting is a new quantitative imaging paradigm, which simultaneously acquires multiple MR tissue parameter maps in a single experiment. In this paper, we present an estimation-theoretic framework to perform…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-10-03 Bo Zhao , Justin P. Haldar , Congyu Liao , Dan Ma , Yun Jiang , Mark A. Griswold , Kawin Setsompop , Lawrence L. Wald