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We explore the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for automated assessment of open-text student reflections and prediction of academic performance. Traditional methods for evaluating reflections are time-consuming and may not scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Gen Li , Li Chen , Cheng Tang , Valdemar Švábenský , Daisuke Deguchi , Takayoshi Yamashita , Atsushi Shimada

Making high-stakes personal decisions involves cognitive, emotional, and intuitive processes, and individuals differ in how they allocate attention across these modes. Integration of these processes has shown to benefit decision making.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Morita Tarvirdians , Senthil Chandrasegaran , Hayley Hung , Catholijn M. Jonker , Catharine Oertel

Autonomous agents, which perceive environments and take actions to achieve goals, have become increasingly feasible with the advancements in large language models (LLMs). However, current powerful agents often depend on sophisticated prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yihan Chen , Benfeng Xu , Xiaorui Wang , Yongdong Zhang , Zhendong Mao

Despite the remarkable capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in various reasoning tasks, they still struggle with table reasoning tasks, particularly in maintaining consistency throughout multi-step reasoning processes. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Peiying Yu , Guoxin Chen , Jingjing Wang

Advanced models such as OpenAI o1 exhibit impressive problem-solving capabilities through step-by-step reasoning. However, they may still falter on more complex problems, making errors that disrupt their reasoning paths. We attribute this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Yew Ken Chia , Guizhen Chen , Weiwen Xu , Luu Anh Tuan , Soujanya Poria , Lidong Bing

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated potential in automating scientific ideation, yet current approaches relying on iterative prompting or complex multi-agent architectures often suffer from hallucination or computational…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success, yet they remain prone to perception-related hallucinations in fine-grained tasks. This vulnerability arises from a fundamental limitation: their reasoning is largely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Jiazhou Zhou , Yucheng Chen , Hongyang Li , Qing Jiang , Hu Zhou , Ying-Cong Chen , Lei Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable progress in visual reasoning and understanding tasks but still struggle to capture the complexity and subjectivity of human emotions. Existing approaches based on supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Yiyang Fang , Wenke Huang , Pei Fu , Yihao Yang , Kehua Su , Zhenbo Luo , Jian Luan , Mang Ye

Large language models (LLMs) excel at knowledge-intensive question answering and reasoning, yet their real-world deployment remains constrained by knowledge cutoff, hallucination, and limited interaction modalities. Augmenting LLMs with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Daocheng Fu , Jianbiao Mei , Licheng Wen , Xuemeng Yang , Cheng Yang , Rong Wu , Tao Hu , Siqi Li , Yufan Shen , Xinyu Cai , Pinlong Cai , Botian Shi , Yong Liu , Yu Qiao

Despite recent advances, autonomous agents often struggle to solve complex tasks in enterprise domains that require coordinating multiple tools and processing diverse data sources. This struggle is driven by two main limitations. First,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Gianni Molinari , Fabio Ciravegna

We introduce a novel large language model (LLM)-driven agent framework, which iteratively refines queries and filters contextual evidence by leveraging dynamically evolving knowledge. A defining feature of the system is its decoupling of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Seyoung Song

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have significantly improved multi-hop question answering (QA) through direct Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning. However, the irreversible nature of CoT leads to error accumulation, making it…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Xinjie Zhao , Fan Gao , Xingyu Song , Yingjian Chen , Rui Yang , Yanran Fu , Yuyang Wang , Yusuke Iwasawa , Yutaka Matsuo , Irene Li

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have powered Graphical User Interface (GUI) Agents, showing promise in automating tasks on computing devices. Recent works have begun exploring reasoning in GUI tasks with encouraging results.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Yuhang Liu , Pengxiang Li , Congkai Xie , Xavier Hu , Xiaotian Han , Shengyu Zhang , Hongxia Yang , Fei Wu

The enhancement of reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs) has garnered significant attention, with supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning emerging as dominant paradigms. While recent studies recognize the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zhijie Wang

Graph walking based on reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great success in navigating an agent to automatically complete various reasoning tasks over an incomplete knowledge graph (KG) by exploring multi-hop relational paths. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Denghui Zhang , Zixuan Yuan , Hao Liu , Xiaodong Lin , Hui Xiong

Language Models (LMs) have shown impressive performance in various natural language tasks. However, when it comes to natural language reasoning, LMs still face challenges such as hallucination, generating incorrect intermediate reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Deepak Nathani , David Wang , Liangming Pan , William Yang Wang

Economic decision-making depends not only on structured signals such as prices and taxes, but also on unstructured language, including peer dialogue and media narratives. While multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has shown promise in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Heyang Ma , Qirui Mi , Qipeng Yang , Zijun Fan , Bo Li , Haifeng Zhang

Large language model (LLM) agents achieve impressive single-task performance but commonly exhibit repeated failures, inefficient exploration, and limited cross-task adaptability. Existing reflective strategies (e.g., Reflexion, ReAct)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Chunlong Wu , Ye Luo , Zhibo Qu , Min Wang

The reasoning capabilities of LLM (Large Language Model) are widely acknowledged in recent research, inspiring studies on tool learning and autonomous agents. LLM serves as the "brain" of the agent, orchestrating multiple tools for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Xiangyan Liu , Rongxue Li , Wei Ji , Tao Lin

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results in natural language understanding, yet their reasoning capabilities remain limited when operating as single agents. Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) has been proposed to address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Xiao Wang , Jia Wang , Yijie Wang , Pengtao Dang , Sha Cao , Chi Zhang