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Related papers: Proactive Conversational Agents with Inner Thought…

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We envision the concept of Thoughtful AI, a new human-AI interaction paradigm in which the AI behaves as a continuously thinking entity. Unlike conventional AI systems that operate on a turn-based, input-output model, Thoughtful AI…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Xingyu Bruce Liu , Haijun Xia , Xiang Anthony Chen

Conversational AI agents are commonly applied within single-user, turn-taking scenarios. The interaction mechanics of these scenarios are trivial: when the user enters a message, the AI agent produces a response. However, the interaction…

Proactive dialogue systems, related to a wide range of real-world conversational applications, equip the conversational agent with the capability of leading the conversation direction towards achieving pre-defined targets or fulfilling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Yang Deng , Wenqiang Lei , Wai Lam , Tat-Seng Chua

While current chat-based AI assistants primarily operate reactively, responding only when prompted by users, there is significant potential for these systems to proactively assist in tasks without explicit invocation, enabling a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Valerie Chen , Alan Zhu , Sebastian Zhao , Hussein Mozannar , David Sontag , Ameet Talwalkar

While we do not always use words, communicating what we want to an AI is a conversation -- with ourselves as well as with it, a recurring loop with optional steps depending on the complexity of the situation and our request. Any given…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Elena L. Glassman

In-person small-group conversations play a crucial role in everyday life; however, facilitating effective group interaction can be challenging, as the real-time nature demands full attention, offers no opportunity for revision, and requires…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shaoze Zhou , Diana Nelly Rivera Rodriguez , Pedro Remior , Joaquin Frangi , Lingyao Li , Renkai Ma , Janet G. Johnson , Christine Lisetti , Chen Chen

Large language models (LLMs), due to their advanced natural language capabilities, have seen significant success in applications where the user interface is usually a conversational artificial intelligence (AI) agent and engages the user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Fei Wei , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding

Proactive dialogue systems aim to empower chatbots with the capability of leading conversations towards specific targets, thereby enhancing user engagement and service autonomy. Existing systems typically target pre-defined keywords or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Bowen Wu , Wenqing Wang , Haoran Li , Ying Li , Jingsong Yu , Baoxun Wang

Agency, the capacity to proactively shape events, is central to how humans interact and collaborate. While LLMs are being developed to simulate human behavior and serve as human-like agents, little attention has been given to the Agency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Ashish Sharma , Sudha Rao , Chris Brockett , Akanksha Malhotra , Nebojsa Jojic , Bill Dolan

Conversational systems based on Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, show exceptional proficiency in context understanding and response generation. However, despite their impressive capabilities, they still possess limitations,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Yang Deng , Lizi Liao , Liang Chen , Hongru Wang , Wenqiang Lei , Tat-Seng Chua

Recent research on proactive conversational agents (PCAs) mainly focuses on improving the system's capabilities in anticipating and planning action sequences to accomplish tasks and achieve goals before users articulate their requests. This…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Yang Deng , Lizi Liao , Zhonghua Zheng , Grace Hui Yang , Tat-Seng Chua

Dialogue systems have many applications such as customer support or question answering. Typically they have been limited to shallow single turn interactions. However more advanced applications such as career coaching or planning a trip…

While humans are inherently social creatures, the challenge of identifying when and how to assist and collaborate with others - particularly when pursuing independent goals - can hinder cooperation. To address this challenge, we aim to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Matteo Bortoletto , Yichao Zhou , Lance Ying , Tianmin Shu , Andreas Bulling

Conversational AI has now reached billions of users, yet existing datasets capture only what people say, not what they think. We introduce ThoughtTrace, the first large-scale dataset that pairs real-world multi-turn human--AI conversations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Chuanyang Jin , Binze Li , Haopeng Xie , Cathy Mengying Fang , Tianjian Li , Shayne Longpre , Hongxiang Gu , Maximillian Chen , Tianmin Shu

The concept of a Human-AI team has gained increasing attention in recent years. For effective collaboration between humans and AI teammates, proactivity is crucial for close coordination and effective communication. However, the design of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Matthias Kraus , Ron Riekenbrauck , Wolfgang Minker

Building a dialogue system that can communicate naturally with humans is a challenging yet interesting problem of agent-based computing. The rapid growth in this area is usually hindered by the long-standing problem of data scarcity as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Munazza Zaib , Quan Z. Sheng , Wei Emma Zhang

The next step for intelligent dialog agents is to escape their role as silent bystanders and become proactive. Well-defined proactive behavior may improve human-machine cooperation, as the agent takes a more active role during interaction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Matthias Kraus , Nicolas Wagner , Ron Riekenbrauck , Wolfgang Minker

This paper explores the potential for utilizing generative AI models in group-focused co-creative frameworks to enhance problem solving and ideation in business innovation and co-creation contexts, and proposes a novel prompting technique…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Brandon Harwood

Conversational agents have been studied as tools to scaffold planning and self-reflection for productivity and well-being. While prior work has demonstrated positive outcomes, we still lack a clear understanding of what drives these results…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Adnan Abbas , Caleb Wohn , Arnav Jagtap , Eugenia H Rho , Young-Ho Kim , Sang Won Lee

We conducted an International AI Negotiation Competition in which participants designed and refined prompts for AI negotiation agents. We then facilitated over 180,000 negotiations between these agents across multiple scenarios with diverse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Michelle Vaccaro , Michael Caosun , Harang Ju , Sinan Aral , Jared R. Curhan
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