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Unsupervised anomaly detection is a daunting task, as it relies solely on normality patterns from the training data to identify unseen anomalies during testing. Recent approaches have focused on leveraging domain-specific transformations or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Hyuntae Kim , Changhee Lee

Detecting whether examples belong to a given in-distribution or are Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) requires identifying features specific to the in-distribution. In the absence of labels, these features can be learned by self-supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Nima Rafiee , Rahil Gholamipoorfard , Nikolas Adaloglou , Simon Jaxy , Julius Ramakers , Markus Kollmann

In the realm of novelty detection, accurately identifying outliers in data without specific class information poses a significant challenge. While current methods excel in single-object scenarios, they struggle with multi-object situations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Mohammadreza Salehi , Nikolaos Apostolikas , Efstratios Gavves , Cees G. M. Snoek , Yuki M. Asano

In this study, a new Anomaly Detection (AD) approach for industrial and medical images is proposed. This method leverages the theoretical strengths of unsupervised learning and the data availability of both normal and abnormal classes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Arnaud Bougaham , Valentin Delchevalerie , Mohammed El Adoui , Benoît Frénay

Time series anomaly detection is important in modern large-scale systems and is applied in a variety of domains to analyze and monitor the operation of diverse systems. Unsupervised approaches have received widespread interest, as they do…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Buang Zhang , Tung Kieu , Xiangfei Qiu , Chenjuan Guo , Jilin Hu , Aoying Zhou , Christian S. Jensen , Bin Yang

Density-based and classification-based methods have ruled unsupervised anomaly detection in recent years, while reconstruction-based methods are rarely mentioned for the poor reconstruction ability and low performance. However, the latter…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Yufei Liang , Jiangning Zhang , Shiwei Zhao , Runze Wu , Yong Liu , Shuwen Pan

For a very long time, unsupervised learning for anomaly detection has been at the heart of image processing research and a stepping stone for high performance industrial automation process. With the emergence of CNN, several methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Simon Thomine , Hichem Snoussi , Mahmoud Soua

Recent efforts towards video anomaly detection (VAD) try to learn a deep autoencoder to describe normal event patterns with small reconstruction errors. The video inputs with large reconstruction errors are regarded as anomalies at the test…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Yuandu Lai , Yahong Han , Yaowei Wang

This paper explores the problem of Generalist Anomaly Detection (GAD), aiming to train one single detection model that can generalize to detect anomalies in diverse datasets from different application domains without any further training on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Jiawen Zhu , Guansong Pang

Unsupervised graph anomaly detection (GAD) has received increasing attention in recent years, which aims to identify data anomalous patterns utilizing only unlabeled node information from graph-structured data. However, prevailing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Jiazhen Chen , Xiuqin Liang , Sichao Fu , Zheng Ma , Weihua Ou

Driven by the pressing demand for graph anomaly detection (GAD) in high-stakes domains, the generalist GAD paradigm, which trains a single detector transferable across new graphs, has recently gained growing attention. However, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yiming Xu , Zihan Chen , Zhen Peng , Song Wang , Bin Shi , Bo Dong , Chao Shen

Few-normal shot anomaly detection (FNSAD) aims to detect abnormal regions in images using only a few normal training samples, making the task highly challenging due to limited supervision and the diversity of potential defects. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Morteza Poudineh , Marc Lalonde

Prototype-based reconstruction methods for unsupervised anomaly detection utilize a limited set of learnable prototypes which only aggregates insufficient normal information, resulting in undesirable reconstruction. However, increasing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Ziqing Zhou , Yurui Pan , Lidong Wang , Wenbing Zhu , Mingmin Chi , Dong Wu , Bo Peng

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) learns one-class classifiers exclusively with normal (i.e., healthy) images to detect any abnormal (i.e., unhealthy) samples that do not conform to the expected normal patterns. UAD has two main…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Yu Tian , Guansong Pang , Fengbei Liu , Yuanhong chen , Seon Ho Shin , Johan W. Verjans , Rajvinder Singh , Gustavo Carneiro

We propose a one-class neural network (OC-NN) model to detect anomalies in complex data sets. OC-NN combines the ability of deep networks to extract a progressively rich representation of data with the one-class objective of creating a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-14 Raghavendra Chalapathy , Aditya Krishna Menon , Sanjay Chawla

Anomaly detection consists in identifying, within a dataset, those samples that significantly differ from the majority of the data, representing the normal class. It has many practical applications, e.g. ranging from defective product…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Pankaj Mishra , Claudio Piciarelli , Gian Luca Foresti

Graph anomaly detection aims to identify unusual patterns in graph-based data, with wide applications in fields such as web security and financial fraud detection. Existing methods typically rely on contrastive learning, assuming that a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Di Jin , Jingyi Cao , Xiaobao Wang , Bingdao Feng , Dongxiao He , Longbiao Wang , Jianwu Dang

Most unsupervised image anomaly localization methods suffer from overgeneralization because of the high generalization abilities of convolutional neural networks, leading to unreliable predictions. To mitigate the overgeneralization, this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Yunkang Cao , Xiaohao Xu , Zhaoge Liu , Weiming Shen

Pretrained models have become a commodity and offer strong results on a broad range of tasks. In this work, we focus on classification and seek to learn a unique encoder able to take from several complementary pretrained models. We aim at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Mert Bulent Sariyildiz , Philippe Weinzaepfel , Thomas Lucas , Diane Larlus , Yannis Kalantidis

In this paper, we propose a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) for anomaly detection in surveillance videos. The model is adapted from a typical auto-encoder working on video patches under the perspective of sparse combination…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Trong Nguyen Nguyen , Jean Meunier