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In this paper, we investigate Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentation (OV-3DIS) with free-form language instructions. Earlier works that rely on only annotated base categories for training suffer from limited generalization to unseen novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Seungjun Lee , Yuyang Zhao , Gim Hee Lee

Understanding the 3D semantics of a scene is a fundamental problem for various scenarios such as embodied agents. While NeRFs and 3DGS excel at novel-view synthesis, previous methods for understanding their semantics have been limited to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Hyunjee Lee , Youngsik Yun , Jeongmin Bae , Seoha Kim , Youngjung Uh

This paper studies open-vocabulary segmentation (OVS) through calibrating in-vocabulary and domain-biased embedding space with generalized contextual prior of CLIP. As the core of open-vocabulary understanding, alignment of visual content…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Yong Liu , Sule Bai , Guanbin Li , Yitong Wang , Yansong Tang

Latent scene representation plays a significant role in training reinforcement learning (RL) agents. To obtain good latent vectors describing the scenes, recent works incorporate the 3D-aware latent-conditioned NeRF pipeline into scene…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Jiaxu Wang , Ziyi Zhang , Qiang Zhang , Jia Li , Jingkai Sun , Mingyuan Sun , Junhao He , Renjing Xu

Recently, Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have advanced segmentation techniques by shifting from the traditional segmentation of a closed-set of predefined object classes to open-vocabulary segmentation (OVS), allowing users to segment novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Gonca Yilmaz , Songyou Peng , Marc Pollefeys , Francis Engelmann , Hermann Blum

Recent advancements in Generalizable Gaussian Splatting have enabled robust 3D reconstruction from sparse input views by utilizing feed-forward Gaussian Splatting models, achieving superior cross-scene generalization. However, while many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Zhicong Wu , Hongbin Xu , Gang Xu , Ping Nie , Zhixin Yan , Jinkai Zheng , Liangqiong Qu , Ming Li , Liqiang Nie

Open-vocabulary segmentation aims to achieve segmentation of arbitrary categories given unlimited text inputs as guidance. To achieve this, recent works have focused on developing various technical routes to exploit the potential of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Yong Liu , SongLi Wu , Sule Bai , Jiahao Wang , Yitong Wang , Yansong Tang

Open-vocabulary semantic segmentation (OVSS) involves assigning labels to each pixel in an image based on textual descriptions, leveraging world models like CLIP. However, they encounter significant challenges in cross-domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Aniruddh Sikdar , Aditya Gandhamal , Suresh Sundaram

Open-vocabulary 3D object detection for autonomous driving aims to detect novel objects beyond the predefined training label sets in point cloud scenes. Existing approaches achieve this by connecting traditional 3D object detectors with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Adrian Chow , Evelien Riddell , Yimu Wang , Sean Sedwards , Krzysztof Czarnecki

Open-vocabulary remote sensing image segmentation (OVRSIS) remains underexplored due to fragmented datasets, limited training diversity, and the lack of evaluation benchmarks that reflect realistic geospatial application demands. Our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Bingyu Li , Tao Huo , Haocheng Dong , Da Zhang , Zhiyuan Zhao , Junyu Gao , Xuelong Li

The semantic synthesis of unseen scenes from multiple viewpoints is crucial for research in 3D scene understanding. Current methods are capable of rendering novel-view images and semantic maps by reconstructing generalizable Neural Radiance…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Feng Xiao , Hongbin Xu , Wanlin Liang , Wenxiong Kang

Recent works on 3D scene understanding leverage 2D masks from visual foundation models (VFMs) to supervise radiance fields, enabling instance-level 3D segmentation. However, the supervision signals from foundation models are not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Tsuheng Hsu , Guiyu Liu , Juho Kannala , Janne Heikkilä

Applying Gaussian Splatting to perception tasks for 3D scene understanding is becoming increasingly popular. Most existing works primarily focus on rendering 2D feature maps from novel viewpoints, which leads to an imprecise 3D language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Hao Li , Minghan Qin , Zhengyu Zou , Diqi He , Xinhao Ji , Bohan Li , Bingquan Dai , Dingewn Zhang , Junwei Han

3D Gaussian Splatting (3D-GS) has emerged as an efficient 3D representation and a promising foundation for semantic tasks like segmentation. However, existing 3D-GS-based segmentation methods typically rely on high-dimensional category…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 An Yang , Chenyu Liu , Jun Du , Jianqing Gao , Jia Pan , Jinshui Hu , Baocai Yin , Bing Yin , Cong Liu

Recently, open-vocabulary learning has emerged to accomplish segmentation for arbitrary categories of text-based descriptions, which popularizes the segmentation system to more general-purpose application scenarios. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Jie Qin , Jie Wu , Pengxiang Yan , Ming Li , Ren Yuxi , Xuefeng Xiao , Yitong Wang , Rui Wang , Shilei Wen , Xin Pan , Xingang Wang

Remote sensing image plays an irreplaceable role in fields such as agriculture, water resources, military, and disaster relief. Pixel-level interpretation is a critical aspect of remote sensing image applications; however, a prevalent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Kaiyu Li , Ruixun Liu , Xiangyong Cao , Xueru Bai , Feng Zhou , Deyu Meng , Zhi Wang

We present OvSGTR, a novel transformer-based framework for fully open-vocabulary scene graph generation that overcomes the limitations of traditional closed-set models. Conventional methods restrict both object and relationship recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zuyao Chen , Jinlin Wu , Zhen Lei , Chang Wen Chen

3D Gaussian splatting (3DGS) has recently emerged as an alternative representation that leverages a 3D Gaussian-based representation and introduces an approximated volumetric rendering, achieving very fast rendering speed and promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Joo Chan Lee , Daniel Rho , Xiangyu Sun , Jong Hwan Ko , Eunbyung Park

In this paper, we propose a training scheme called OVSeg3R to learn open-vocabulary 3D instance segmentation from well-studied 2D perception models with the aid of 3D reconstruction. OVSeg3R directly adopts reconstructed scenes from 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Hongyang Li , Jinyuan Qu , Lei Zhang

Recent works propose extending 3DGS with semantic feature vectors for simultaneous semantic segmentation and image rendering. However, these methods often treat the semantic and rendering branches separately, relying solely on 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Jingming He , Chongyi Li , Shiqi Wang , Sam Kwong