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Open-vocabulary 3D scene understanding presents a significant challenge in computer vision, with wide-ranging applications in embodied agents and augmented reality systems. Existing methods adopt neurel rendering methods as 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Jun Guo , Xiaojian Ma , Yue Fan , Huaping Liu , Qing Li

Open-vocabulary scene understanding is crucial for robotic applications, enabling robots to comprehend complex 3D environmental contexts and supporting various downstream tasks such as navigation and manipulation. However, existing methods…

Understanding 3D scenes is pivotal for autonomous driving, robotics, and augmented reality. Recent semantic Gaussian Splatting approaches leverage large-scale 2D vision models to project 2D semantic features onto 3D scenes. However, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Tianyu Huang , Runnan Chen , Dongting Hu , Fengming Huang , Mingming Gong , Tongliang Liu

3D Gaussian Splatting has recently gained traction for its efficient training and real-time rendering. While its vanilla representation is mainly designed for view synthesis, recent works extended it to scene understanding with language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Siyun Liang , Sen Wang , Kunyi Li , Michael Niemeyer , Stefano Gasperini , Hendrik P. A. Lensch , Nassir Navab , Federico Tombari

We introduce ShelfGaussian, an open-vocabulary multi-modal Gaussian-based 3D scene understanding framework supervised by off-the-shelf vision foundation models (VFMs). Gaussian-based methods have demonstrated superior performance and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Lingjun Zhao , Yandong Luo , James Hays , Lu Gan

Understanding open-vocabulary 3D scenes with Gaussian-based representations remains challenging due to fragmented and spatially inconsistent semantic predictions across multi-view observations. In this paper, we present OpenGaFF, a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Kunyi Li , Michael Niemeyer , Sen Wang , Stefano Gasperini , Nassir Navab , Federico Tombari

Open-vocabulary 3D scene understanding is crucial for applications requiring natural language-driven spatial interpretation, such as robotics and augmented reality. While 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) offers a powerful representation for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Wei Sun , Yanzhao Zhou , Jianbin Jiao , Yuan Li

Reconstructing semantic-aware 3D scenes from sparse views is a challenging yet essential research direction, driven by the demands of emerging applications such as virtual reality and embodied AI. Existing per-scene optimization methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Yanbo Wang , Ziyi Wang , Wenzhao Zheng , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has emerged as a powerful representation for neural scene reconstruction, offering high-quality novel view synthesis while maintaining computational efficiency. In this paper, we extend the capabilities of 3DGS…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jens Piekenbrinck , Christian Schmidt , Alexander Hermans , Narunas Vaskevicius , Timm Linder , Bastian Leibe

The primary focus of most recent works on open-vocabulary neural fields is extracting precise semantic features from the VLMs and then consolidating them efficiently into a multi-view consistent 3D neural fields representation. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Can Zhang , Gim Hee Lee

This paper introduces OpenGaussian, a method based on 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) capable of 3D point-level open vocabulary understanding. Our primary motivation stems from observing that existing 3DGS-based open vocabulary methods mainly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Yanmin Wu , Jiarui Meng , Haijie Li , Chenming Wu , Yahao Shi , Xinhua Cheng , Chen Zhao , Haocheng Feng , Errui Ding , Jingdong Wang , Jian Zhang

Open-vocabulary querying in 3D space is challenging but essential for scene understanding tasks such as object localization and segmentation. Language-embedded scene representations have made progress by incorporating language features into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Jin-Chuan Shi , Miao Wang , Hao-Bin Duan , Shao-Hua Guan

Domain Generalization in Semantic Segmentation (DG-SS) aims to enable segmentation models to perform robustly in unseen environments. However, conventional DG-SS methods are restricted to a fixed set of known categories, limiting their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Dong Zhao , Qi Zang , Nan Pu , Wenjing Li , Nicu Sebe , Zhun Zhong

Existing open-vocabulary 3D semantic segmentation methods typically supervise 3D segmentation models by merging text-aligned features (e.g., CLIP) extracted from multi-view images onto 3D points. However, such approaches treat multi-view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Shiqi Zhang , Sha Zhang , Jiajun Deng , Yedong Shen , Mingxiao MA , Yanyong Zhang

Open-vocabulary 3D scene understanding (OV-3D) aims to localize and classify novel objects beyond the closed set of object classes. However, existing approaches and benchmarks primarily focus on the open vocabulary problem within the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Youjun Zhao , Jiaying Lin , Shuquan Ye , Qianshi Pang , Rynson W. H. Lau

Open-vocabulary semantic segmentation (OVSS) extends traditional closed-set segmentation by enabling pixel-wise annotation for both seen and unseen categories using arbitrary textual descriptions. While existing methods leverage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Junyang Chen , Xiangbo Lv , Zhiqiang Kou , Xingdong Sheng , Ning Xu , Yiguo Qiao

Recent advancements in 3D scene understanding have made significant strides in enabling interaction with scenes using open-vocabulary queries, particularly for VR/AR and robotic applications. Nevertheless, existing methods are hindered by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Dianyi Yang , Xihan Wang , Yu Gao , Shiyang Liu , Bohan Ren , Yufeng Yue , Yi Yang

Recently, 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has shown encouraging performance for open vocabulary scene understanding tasks. However, previous methods cannot distinguish 3D instance-level information, which usually predicts a heatmap between the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Hongjia Zhai , Hai Li , Zhenzhe Li , Xiaokun Pan , Yijia He , Guofeng Zhang

Novel view synthesis has seen significant advancements with 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS), enabling real-time photorealistic rendering. However, the inherent fuzziness of Gaussian Splatting presents challenges for 3D scene understanding,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Abdalla Arafa , Didier Stricker

Scene Graph Generation (SGG) offers a structured representation critical in many computer vision applications. Traditional SGG approaches, however, are limited by a closed-set assumption, restricting their ability to recognize only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Zuyao Chen , Jinlin Wu , Zhen Lei , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Changwen Chen
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