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Multi-agent collaboration has emerged as a pivotal paradigm for addressing complex, distributed tasks in large language model (LLM)-driven applications. While prior research has focused on high-level architectural frameworks, the granular…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Haochun Wang , Sendong Zhao , Jingbo Wang , Zewen Qiang , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Robust coordination is critical for effective decision-making in multi-agent systems, especially under partial observability. A central question in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is whether to engineer communication protocols or…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Brennen A. Hill , Mant Koh En Wei , Thangavel Jishnuanandh

Deep reinforcement learning algorithms have recently been used to train multiple interacting agents in a centralised manner whilst keeping their execution decentralised. When the agents can only acquire partial observations and are faced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Emanuele Pesce , Giovanni Montana

Persuasive dialogue generation plays a vital role in decision-making, negotiation, counseling, and behavior change, yet it remains a challenging problem. In complex persuasion where the persuadee's internal states are not expressed clearly,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Dingyi Zhang , Ziqing Zhuang , Linhai Zhang , Ziyang Gao , Deyu Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities in mathematical and scientific tasks. To enhance complex reasoning, multi-agent systems have been proposed to harness the collective intelligence of LLM agents.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Zhenyu Bi , Meng Lu , Yang Li , Swastik Roy , Weijie Guan , Morteza Ziyadi , Xuan Wang

Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) have emerged as a powerful paradigm for modeling complex interactions among autonomous entities in distributed environments. In Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), communication enables coordination but can…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Xinren Zhang , Jiadong Yu , Zixin Zhong

Understanding the decision-making process of Deep Reinforcement Learning agents remains a key challenge for deploying these systems in safety-critical and multi-agent environments. While prior explainability methods like StateMask, have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Maisha Maliha , Dean Hougen

Inter-agent communication serves as an effective mechanism for enhancing performance in collaborative multi-agent reinforcement learning(MARL) systems. However, the inherent communication latency in practical systems induces both action…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Qian Zhang , Zhuo Sun , Yao Zhang , Zhiwen Yu , Bin Guo , Jun Zhang

The rise of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) in Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially integrated with Large Language Models (LLMs), has greatly facilitated the resolution of complex tasks. However, current systems are still facing challenges of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Callie C. Liao , Duoduo Liao , Sai Surya Gadiraju

To develop generalizable models in multi-agent reinforcement learning, recent approaches have been devoted to discovering task-independent skills for each agent, which generalize across tasks and facilitate agents' cooperation. However,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Jinyuan Feng , Min Chen , Zhiqiang Pu , Yifan Xu , Yanyan Liang

In Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), specialized channels are often introduced that allow agents to communicate directly with one another. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach whereby agents communicate through an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Dianbo Liu , Vedant Shah , Oussama Boussif , Cristian Meo , Anirudh Goyal , Tianmin Shu , Michael Mozer , Nicolas Heess , Yoshua Bengio

Many tasks in AI require the collaboration of multiple agents. Typically, the communication protocol between agents is manually specified and not altered during training. In this paper we explore a simple neural model, called CommNet, that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-01 Sainbayar Sukhbaatar , Arthur Szlam , Rob Fergus

Distributed Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) integrated with Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has emerged as a prominent research focus, enabling real-time cooperative decision-making in partially observable environments through…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Guotao Li , Shaoyun Xu , Yuexing Hao , Yang Wang , Yuhui Sun

We propose a novel formulation of the "effectiveness problem" in communications, put forth by Shannon and Weaver in their seminal work [2], by considering multiple agents communicating over a noisy channel in order to achieve better…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-02 Tze-Yang Tung , Szymon Kobus , Joan Roig Pujol , Deniz Gunduz

We consider the problem of multiple agents sensing and acting in environments with the goal of maximising their shared utility. In these environments, agents must learn communication protocols in order to share information that is needed to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-05-25 Jakob N. Foerster , Yannis M. Assael , Nando de Freitas , Shimon Whiteson

Multi-agent reinforcement learning systems aim to provide interacting agents with the ability to collaboratively learn and adapt to the behaviour of other agents. In many real-world applications, the agents can only acquire a partial view…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Ozsel Kilinc , Giovanni Montana

In this work, we introduce a novel perspective, i.e., dimensional analysis, to address the challenge of communication efficiency in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL). Our findings reveal that simply optimizing the content and timing…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Chuxiong Sun , Peng He , Rui Wang , Changwen Zheng

Multi-agent systems (MAS) built on large language models (LLMs) offer a promising path toward solving complex, real-world tasks that single-agent systems often struggle to manage. While recent advancements in test-time scaling (TTS) have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Can Jin , Hongwu Peng , Qixin Zhang , Yujin Tang , Dimitris N. Metaxas , Tong Che

Information exchange in multi-agent systems improves the cooperation among agents, especially in partially observable settings. In the real world, communication is often carried out over imperfect channels. This requires agents to handle…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Jannis Weil , Gizem Ekinci , Heinz Koeppl , Tobias Meuser

Natural language has long enabled human cooperation, but its lossy, ambiguous, and indirect nature limits the potential of collective intelligence. While machines are not subject to these constraints, most LLM-based multi-agent systems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Yujia Zheng , Zhuokai Zhao , Zijian Li , Yaqi Xie , Mingze Gao , Lizhu Zhang , Kun Zhang