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Memory emerges as the core module in the large language model (LLM)-based agents for long-horizon complex tasks (e.g., multi-turn dialogue, game playing, scientific discovery), where memory can enable knowledge accumulation, iterative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Yanchen Wu , Tenghui Lin , Yingli Zhou , Fangyuan Zhang , Qintian Guo , Xun Zhou , Sibo Wang , Xilin Liu , Yuchi Ma , Yixiang Fang

Most AI systems today are designed to manage tasks and execute predefined steps. This makes them effective for process coordination but limited in their ability to engage in joint problem-solving with humans or contribute new ideas. We…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Kexin Quan , Dina Albassam , Mengke Wu , Zijian Ding , Jessie Chin

Lifelong learning, also known as continual or incremental learning, is a crucial component for advancing Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) by enabling systems to continuously adapt in dynamic environments. While large language models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Junhao Zheng , Chengming Shi , Xidi Cai , Qiuke Li , Duzhen Zhang , Chenxing Li , Dong Yu , Qianli Ma

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced virtual educators and learners, bridging NLP with AI4Education. Existing work often lacks scalability and fails to leverage diverse, large-scale course content, with limited frameworks for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Jiahuan Pei , Fanghua Ye , Xin Sun , Wentao Deng , Koen Hindriks , Junxiao Wang

From social networks to traffic routing, artificial learning agents are playing a central role in modern institutions. We must therefore understand how to leverage these systems to foster outcomes and behaviors that align with our own…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Jan Balaguer , Raphael Koster , Christopher Summerfield , Andrea Tacchetti

Building agents with adaptive behavior in cooperative tasks stands as a paramount goal in the realm of multi-agent systems. Current approaches to developing cooperative agents rely primarily on learning-based methods, whose policy…

Multi-agent AI systems, which simulate diverse instructional roles such as teachers and peers, offer new possibilities for personalized and interactive learning. Yet, student-AI interaction patterns and their pedagogical implications remain…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zhanxin Hao , Jie Cao , Ruimiao Li , Jifan Yu , Zhiyuan Liu , Yu Zhang

In this paper, we propose a novel factored agent architecture designed to overcome the limitations of traditional single-agent systems in agentic AI. Our approach decomposes the agent into two specialized components: (1) a large language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Nicholas Roth , Christopher Hidey , Lucas Spangher , William F. Arnold , Chang Ye , Nick Masiewicki , Jinoo Baek , Peter Grabowski , Eugene Ie

Artificial intelligence systems for scientific discovery have demonstrated remarkable potential, yet existing approaches remain largely proprietary and operate in batch-processing modes requiring hours per research cycle, precluding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Lukas Weidener , Marko Brkić , Mihailo Jovanović , Ritvik Singh , Chiara Baccin , Emre Ulgac , Alex Dobrin , Aakaash Meduri

Multi-modal AI systems will likely become a ubiquitous presence in our everyday lives. A promising approach to making these systems more interactive is to embody them as agents within physical and virtual environments. At present, systems…

Generative AI is no longer a peripheral tool in higher education. It is rapidly evolving into a general-purpose infrastructure that reshapes how knowledge is generated, mediated, and validated. This paper presents findings from a controlled…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Peer-Benedikt Degen , Igor Asanov

Emerging 6G networks rely on complex cross-layer optimization, yet manually translating high-level intents into mathematical formulations remains a bottleneck. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer promise, monolithic approaches often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Haoyun Li , Ming Xiao , Kezhi Wang , Robert Schober , Dong In Kim , Yong Liang Guan

Open large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the field of natural language processing, showcasing impressive performance across various tasks.Despite the significant advancements in LLMs, their effective operation still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Xuechen Liang , Yangfan He , Meiling Tao , Yinghui Xia , Jianhui Wang , Tianyu Shi , Jun Wang , JingSong Yang

The emergence of large language models has catalyzed two distinct yet interconnected paradigms in artificial intelligence: standalone AI Agents and collaborative Agentic AI ecosystems. This comprehensive study establishes a definitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Prashik Buddhaghosh Bansod

Multi-agent systems powered by large language models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse domains, yet existing automated design approaches seek monolithic solutions that fail to adapt resource allocation based on query…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Bo Ma , Hang Li , ZeHua Hu , XiaoFan Gui , LuYao Liu , Simon Liu

Multi-agent reinforcement learning is a promising research area that extends established reinforcement learning approaches to problems formulated as multi-agent systems. Recently, a multitude of communication methods have been introduced to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Christoph Wittner

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown great abilities in various tasks, including question answering, arithmetic problem solving, and poem writing, among others. Although research on LLM-as-an-agent has shown that LLM can…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Chuanneng Sun , Songjun Huang , Dario Pompili

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has reshaped agent systems. Unlike traditional rule-based agents with limited task scope, LLM-powered agents offer greater flexibility, cross-domain reasoning, and natural language interaction.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Guannan Liang , Qianqian Tong

Advances in reinforcement learning (RL) have resulted in recent breakthroughs in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) across many different domains. An emerging landscape of development environments is making powerful RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Edward W. Staley , Corban G. Rivera , Ashley J. Llorens

LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems ( LLM-MAS ) have become a research hotspot since the rise of large language models (LLMs). However, with the continuous influx of new related works, the existing reviews struggle to capture them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Shuaihang Chen , Yuanxing Liu , Wei Han , Weinan Zhang , Ting Liu
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