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Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) are notoriously difficult to solve. In general, closed-form solutions are not available and numerical approximation schemes are computationally expensive. In this paper, we propose to approach the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Nils Wandel , Michael Weinmann , Michael Neidlin , Reinhard Klein

We present pseudo-differential enhanced physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), an extension of gradient enhancement but in Fourier space. Gradient enhancement of PINNs dictates that the PDE residual is taken to a higher differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Andrew Gracyk

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) solve time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs) by learning a mesh-free, differentiable solution that can be evaluated anywhere in space and time. However, standard space--time PINNs take…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Chen-Yang Dai , Che-Chia Chang , Te-Sheng Lin , Ming-Chih Lai , Chieh-Hsin Lai

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are capable of finding the solution for a given boundary value problem. We employ several ideas from the finite element method (FEM) to enhance the performance of existing PINNs in engineering…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Shahed Rezaei , Ali Harandi , Ahmad Moeineddin , Bai-Xiang Xu , Stefanie Reese

This paper introduces a novel approach to solve inverse problems by leveraging deep learning techniques. The objective is to infer unknown parameters that govern a physical system based on observed data. We focus on scenarios where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Sidney Besnard , Frédéric Jurie , Jalal M. Fadili

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as a promising way to compute the solutions of partial differential equations (PDEs) using deep neural networks. However, despite their significant success in various fields, it…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-15 Seungchan Ko , Sang Hyeon Park

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are numerical solvers that embed all the physical information of a system into the loss function of a neural network. In this way the learned solution accounts for data (if available), the governing…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Andrés Martínez-Esteban , Pablo Calvo-Barlés , Luis Martín-Moreno , Sergio G Rodrigo

I provide an introduction to the application of deep learning and neural networks for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). The approach, known as physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), involves minimizing the residual of the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-03-04 Hubert Baty

While the popularity of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) is steadily rising, to this date PINNs have not been successful in simulating dynamical systems whose solution exhibits multi-scale, chaotic or turbulent behavior. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Sifan Wang , Shyam Sankaran , Paris Perdikaris

We consider a hierarchy of nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equations (NLSEs) and forecast the evolution of positon solutions using a deep learning approach called Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINN). Notably, the PINN algorithm accurately…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2024-05-09 K. Thulasidharan , N. Vishnu Priya , S. Monisha , M. Senthilvelan

We revisit the original approach of using deep learning and neural networks to solve differential equations by incorporating the knowledge of the equation. This is done by adding a dedicated term to the loss function during the optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Hubert Baty , Leo Baty

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are a powerful class of numerical solvers for partial differential equations, employing deep neural networks with successful applications across a diverse set of problems. However, their…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-18 Tianhao Hu , Bangti Jin , Zhi Zhou

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently been used to solve various computational problems which are governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). In this paper, we propose a multi-output physics-informed neural network…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Mingyuan Yang , John T. Foster

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are revolutionizing science and engineering practice by bringing together the power of deep learning to bear on scientific computation. In forward modeling problems, PINNs are meshless partial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Yicheng Wang , Xiaotian Han , Chia-Yuan Chang , Daochen Zha , Ulisses Braga-Neto , Xia Hu

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are an influential method of solving differential equations and estimating their parameters given data. However, since they make use of neural networks, they provide only a point estimate of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Lena Podina , Mahdi Torabi Rad , Mohammad Kohandel

Neural networks can be trained to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by using the PDE residual as the loss function. This strategy is called "physics-informed neural networks" (PINNs), but it currently cannot produce high-accuracy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Qi Zeng , Yash Kothari , Spencer H. Bryngelson , Florian Schäfer

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been widely used to solve partial differential equations in a forward and inverse manner using deep neural networks. However, training these networks can be challenging for multiscale problems.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-02-01 Sukirt Thakur , Maziar Raissi , Harsa Mitra , Arezoo Ardekani

Inverse problems are extensively studied in applied mathematics, with applications ranging from acoustic tomography for medical diagnosis to geophysical exploration. Physics informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful tool…

We present an uncertainty-aware, physics-informed neural network (PINN) for option pricing that solves the Black--Scholes (BS) partial differential equation (PDE) as a mesh-free, global surrogate over $(S,t)$. The model embeds the BS…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-11-11 Sina Kazemian , Ghazal Farhani , Amirhessam Yazdi

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have shown promise in solving incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, yet existing approaches are predominantly designed for single-flow settings. When extended to multi-flow scenarios, these methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Dengdi Sun , Jie Chen , Xiao Wang , Jin Tang