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A simple and general formulation of the quantum game theory is presented, accommodating all possible strategies in the Hilbert space for the first time. The theory is solvable for the two strategy quantum game, which is shown to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Taksu Cheon , Izumi Tsutsui

A two-player one-round binary game consists of two cooperative players who each replies by one bit to a message that he receives privately; they win the game if both questions and answers satisfy some predetermined property. A game is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-06-22 Salman Beigi

Diners dilemma is one of the most interesting problems in both economic and game theories. Here, we solve this problem for n (number of players) =4 with quantum rules and we are able to remove the dilemma of diners between the Pareto…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-17 Amit Anand , Bikash K. Behera , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

The prospect of quantum solutions for complicated optimization problems is contingent on mapping the original problem onto a tractable quantum energy landscape, e.g. an Ising-type Hamiltonian. Subsequently, techniques like adiabatic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-17 Sebastian Egginger , Kristina Kirova , Sonja Bruckner , Stefan Hillmich , Richard Kueng

Quantum game theory is a new interdisciplinary field between game theory and physical research. In this paper, we extend the classical inspection game into a quantum game version by quantizing the strategy space and importing entanglement…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-07-20 Xinyang Deng , Yong Deng , Qi Liu , Zhen Wang

Parity games have important practical applications in formal verification and synthesis, especially to solve the model-checking problem of the modal mu-calculus. They are also interesting from the theory perspective, because they are widely…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Tom van Dijk

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) is a generic technique to model various NP-hard Combinatorial Optimization problems (CO) in the form of binary variables. Ising Hamiltonian is used to model the energy function of a system.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Redwan Ahmed Rizvee , Raheeb Hassan , Md. Mosaddek Khan

The broad applicability of Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) constitutes a general-purpose modeling framework for combinatorial optimization problems and are a required format for gate array and quantum annealing computers.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Amit Verma , Mark Lewis

This paper is concerned with complexity theoretic aspects of a general formulation of quantum game theory that models strategic interactions among rational agents that process and exchange quantum information. In particular, we prove that…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-12-28 John Bostanci , John Watrous

Quantization becomes a new way to study classical game theory since quantum strategies and quantum games have been proposed. In previous studies, many typical game models, such as prisoner's dilemma, battle of the sexes, Hawk-Dove game,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-03 Xinyang Deng , Yong Deng , Qi Liu , Zhen Wang

Constrained synthesizability is an unaddressed challenge in generative molecular design. In particular, designing molecules satisfying multi-parameter optimization objectives, while simultaneously being synthesizable and enforcing the…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-16 Jeff Guo , Philippe Schwaller

We introduce a class of extensive form games where players might not be able to foresee the possible consequences of their decisions and form a model of their opponents which they exploit to achieve a more profitable outcome. We improve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-05-31 Paolo Turrini

In this short paper we present an algorithm for finding a solution to a generalized Sudoku.

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2011-04-07 Florentin Smarandache

Quantum annealers can solve QUBO problems efficiently but struggle with continuous optimization tasks like regression due to their discrete nature. We introduce Quadratic Continuous Quantum Optimization (QCQO), an anytime algorithm that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Sascha Mücke , Thore Gerlach , Nico Piatkowski

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a powerful framework to optimize black-box expensive-to-evaluate functions via sequential interactions. In several important problems (e.g. drug discovery, circuit design, neural architecture search, etc.),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Melis Ilayda Bal , Pier Giuseppe Sessa , Mojmir Mutny , Andreas Krause

The Marinatto-Weber approach to quantum game is a straightforward way to apply the power of quantum mechanics to classical game theory. In the simplest case, the quantum scheme is that players manipulate their own qubits of a two-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-15 Piotr Frackiewicz

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) provides a versatile framework for representing NP-hard combinatorial problems, yet existing solvers often face trade-offs among speed, accuracy, and scalability. In this work, we introduce…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-06 Jiecheng Yang , Ding Wang , Xiang Zhao , Hairui Zhang , Ming Gao , Lin Yang

Quantum game theory is a multidisciplinary field which combines quantum mechanics with game theory by introducing non-classical resources such as entanglement, quantum operations and quantum measurement. By transferring two-player-two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sahin Kaya Ozdemir , Junichi Shimamura , Nobuyuki Imoto

The D-Wave quantum annealing machine can quickly find the optimal solution for quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO). One of the applications where the use of quantum annealing is desired is in problems requiring rapid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-11 Reo Shikanai , Masayuki Ohzeki , Kazuyuki Tanaka

The LogQ algorithm encodes Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems with exponentially fewer qubits than the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). The advantages of conventional LogQ are accompanied by a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Yagnik Chatterjee , Jérémie Messud