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We propose a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to compute approximate solutions of binary combinatorial problems. We employ a shallow-depth quantum circuit to implement a unitary and Hermitian operator that block-encodes the weighted…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-16 Natacha Kuete Meli , Florian Mannel , Jan Lellmann

Recursive Marginal Quantization (RMQ) allows fast approximation of solutions to stochastic differential equations in one-dimension. When applied to two factor models, RMQ is inefficient due to the fact that the optimization problem is…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2017-04-24 Ralph Rudd , Thomas A. McWalter , Joerg Kienitz , Eckhard Platen

In the last years, several quantum algorithms that try to address the problem of partial differential equation solving have been devised. On one side, "direct" quantum algorithms that aim at encoding the solution of the PDE by executing one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-15 Adrien Suau , Gabriel Staffelbach , Henri Calandra

Measuring expectation values of observables is an essential ingredient in variational quantum algorithms. A practical obstacle is the necessity of a large number of measurements for statistical convergence to meet requirements of precision,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-07 Masaya Kohda , Ryosuke Imai , Keita Kanno , Kosuke Mitarai , Wataru Mizukami , Yuya O. Nakagawa

Obtaining the expectation value of an observable on a quantum computer is a crucial step in the variational quantum algorithms. For complicated observables such as molecular electronic Hamiltonians, a common strategy is to present the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-20 Tzu-Ching Yen , Aadithya Ganeshram , Artur F. Izmaylov

Machine learning algorithms, both in their classical and quantum versions, heavily rely on optimization algorithms based on gradients, such as gradient descent and alike. The overall performance is dependent on the appearance of local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-26 Pablo Bermejo , Borja Aizpurua , Roman Orus

We introduce two quantum algorithms to compute the Value at Risk (VaR) and Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) of financial derivatives using quantum computers: the first by applying existing ideas from quantum risk analysis to derivative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-17 Nikitas Stamatopoulos , B. David Clader , Stefan Woerner , William J. Zeng

The recent literature on near-term applications for quantum computers contains several examples of the applications of hybrid quantum/classical variational approaches. This methodology can be applied to a variety of optimization problems,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-23 Giacomo Nannicini

Quantum Computing aims to streamline machine learning, making it more effective with fewer trainable parameters. This reduction of parameters can speed up the learning process and reduce the use of computational resources. However, in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-22 Michael Kölle , Timo Witter , Tobias Rohe , Gerhard Stenzel , Philipp Altmann , Thomas Gabor

Applications such as simulating complicated quantum systems or solving large-scale linear algebra problems are very challenging for classical computers due to the extremely high computational cost. Quantum computers promise a solution,…

Gradient descent method, as one of the major methods in numerical optimization, is the key ingredient in many machine learning algorithms. As one of the most fundamental way to solve the optimization problems, it promises the function value…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-01 Keren Li , Shijie Wei , Feihao Zhang , Pan Gao , Zengrong Zhou , Tao Xin , Xiaoting Wang , Guilu Long

Quantum computers promise to perform certain computations exponentially faster than any classical device. Precise control over their physical implementation and proper shielding from unwanted interactions with the environment become more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-19 Thomas Häner , Torsten Hoefler , Matthias Troyer

By exploiting the invariance of the molecular Hamiltonian by a unitary transformation of the orbitals it is possible to significantly shorter the depth of the variational circuit in the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) algorithm by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Leonardo Ratini , Chiara Capecci , Leonardo Guidoni

A key component of variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) is the choice of classical optimizer employed to update the parameterization of an ansatz. It is well recognized that quantum algorithms will, for the foreseeable future, necessarily…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-06 Jeffrey Larson , Matt Menickelly , Jiahao Shi

We present a number of quantum computing patterns that build on top of fundamental algorithms, that can be applied to solving concrete, NP-hard problems. In particular, we introduce the concept of a quantum dictionary as a summation of…

Variational quantum-classical hybrid algorithms are seen as a promising strategy for solving practical problems on quantum computers in the near term. While this approach reduces the number of qubits and operations required from the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-07 Ali Rad , Alireza Seif , Norbert M. Linke

We introduce a novel hybrid algorithm to simulate the real-time evolution of quantum systems using parameterized quantum circuits. The method, named "projected - Variational Quantum Dynamics" (p-VQD) realizes an iterative, global projection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 Stefano Barison , Filippo Vicentini , Giuseppe Carleo

In variational quantum algorithms, parameterization is typically applied to single-qubit gates.In this study, we instead parameterize a generalized controlled gate and propose an algorithm to locally minimize the cost function by maximally…

Evaluating the entanglement spectrum is essential for characterizing exotic quantum phases such as quantum criticality and topological order. However, for large quantum many-body systems, this task is hindered by the exponential measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Shohei Miyakoshi , Takanori Sugimoto , Tomonori Shirakawa , Seiji Yunoki , Hiroshi Ueda

Accurate prediction of mRNA secondary structure is critical for understanding gene expression, translation efficiency, and advancing mRNA-based therapeutics. However, the combinatorial complexity of possible foldings, especially in long…