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Related papers: MM-MoralBench: A MultiModal Moral Evaluation Bench…

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The robust safety of Vision-Language Large Models (VLLMs) against joint multilingual and multimodal threats remains severely underexplored. Current benchmarks typically isolate these dimensions, being either multilingual but text-only, or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Enyi Shi , Pengyang Shao , Yanxin Zhang , Chenhang Cui , Jiayi Lyu , Xiaobo Xia , Fei Shen , Tat-Seng Chua

The recent development of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has significantly advanced AI's ability to understand visual modalities. However, existing evaluation benchmarks remain limited to single-turn question answering,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yaning Pan , Qianqian Xie , Guohui Zhang , Zekun Wang , Yongqian Wen , Yuanxing Zhang , Haoxuan Hu , Zhiyu Pan , Yibing Huang , Zhidong Gan , Yonghong Lin , An Ping , Shihao Li , Yanghai Wang , Tianhao Peng , Jiaheng Liu

This study establishes a novel framework for systematically evaluating the moral reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) as they increasingly integrate into critical societal domains. Current assessment methodologies lack the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Junfeng Jiao , Saleh Afroogh , Abhejay Murali , Kevin Chen , David Atkinson , Amit Dhurandhar

The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) requires robust evaluation of their alignment with local values and ethical standards, especially as existing benchmarks often reflect the cultural, legal, and ideological values of their…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Gwenyth Isobel Meadows , Nicholas Wai Long Lau , Eva Adelina Susanto , Chi Lok Yu , Aditya Paul

With enhanced capabilities and widespread applications, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are increasingly required to process and reason over multiple images simultaneously. However, existing MLLM benchmarks focus either on…

The advances of large foundation models necessitate wide-coverage, low-cost, and zero-contamination benchmarks. Despite continuous exploration of language model evaluations, comprehensive studies on the evaluation of Large Multi-modal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Kaichen Zhang , Bo Li , Peiyuan Zhang , Fanyi Pu , Joshua Adrian Cahyono , Kairui Hu , Shuai Liu , Yuanhan Zhang , Jingkang Yang , Chunyuan Li , Ziwei Liu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable proficiency on general-purpose vision-language benchmarks, reaching or even exceeding human-level performance. However, these evaluations typically rely on standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Wenjin Hou , Wei Liu , Han Hu , Xiaoxiao Sun , Serena Yeung-Levy , Hehe Fan

Ensuring that Large Language Models (LLMs) align with the diverse and evolving human values across different regions and cultures remains a critical challenge in AI ethics. Current alignment approaches often yield superficial conformity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jiahao Wang , Songkai Xue , Jinghui Li , Xiaozhen Wang

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are increasingly prominent in the field of artificial intelligence. These models not only excel in traditional vision-language tasks but also demonstrate impressive performance in contemporary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Xiaotian Han , Quanzeng You , Yongfei Liu , Wentao Chen , Huangjie Zheng , Khalil Mrini , Xudong Lin , Yiqi Wang , Bohan Zhai , Jianbo Yuan , Heng Wang , Hongxia Yang

Built on the power of LLMs, numerous multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have recently achieved remarkable performance on various vision-language tasks. However, most existing MLLMs and benchmarks primarily focus on single-image input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Haowei Liu , Xi Zhang , Haiyang Xu , Yaya Shi , Chaoya Jiang , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang , Chunfeng Yuan , Bing Li , Weiming Hu

AI models have achieved state-of-the-art results in textual reasoning; however, their ability to reason over spatial and relational structures remains a critical bottleneck -- particularly in early-grade maths, which relies heavily on…

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at many vision tasks, it is unknown if they exhibit human-like perceptual behaviors. To evaluate this, we introduce HVSBench, the first large-scale benchmark with over 85,000 samples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Jiaying Lin , Shuquan Ye , Dan Xu , Wanli Ouyang , Rynson W. H. Lau

The rapid evolution of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has brought substantial advancements in artificial intelligence, significantly enhancing the capability to understand and generate multimodal content. While prior studies have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Lin Li , Guikun Chen , Hanrong Shi , Jun Xiao , Long Chen

Evaluating the alignment capabilities of large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) is essential for determining their effectiveness as helpful assistants. However, existing benchmarks primarily focus on basic abilities using nonverbal methods,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Yuhang Wu , Wenmeng Yu , Yean Cheng , Yan Wang , Xiaohan Zhang , Jiazheng Xu , Ming Ding , Yuxiao Dong

The rapid development of Multi-modality Large Language Models (MLLMs) has navigated a paradigm shift in computer vision, moving towards versatile foundational models. However, evaluating MLLMs in low-level visual perception and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Zicheng Zhang , Haoning Wu , Erli Zhang , Guangtao Zhai , Weisi Lin

Visual reasoning is a core component of human intelligence and a critical capability for advanced multimodal models. Yet current reasoning evaluations of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) often rely on text descriptions and allow…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Weiye Xu , Jiahao Wang , Weiyun Wang , Zhe Chen , Wengang Zhou , Aijun Yang , Lewei Lu , Houqiang Li , Xiaohua Wang , Xizhou Zhu , Wenhai Wang , Jifeng Dai , Jinguo Zhu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved significant advances in integrating visual and linguistic information, yet their ability to reason about complex and real-world scenarios remains limited. The existing benchmarks are…

The popularity of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has triggered a recent surge in research efforts dedicated to evaluating these models. Nevertheless, existing evaluation studies of MLLMs primarily focus on the comprehension and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Xiaocui Yang , Wenfang Wu , Shi Feng , Ming Wang , Daling Wang , Yang Li , Qi Sun , Yifei Zhang , Xiaoming Fu , Soujanya Poria

While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated extraordinary vision-language understanding capabilities, their abilities to solve instance-level visual-language problems beyond a single image warrant further exploration.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Yunqiu Xu , Linchao Zhu , Yi Yang

While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) exhibit strong performance on single-video tasks (e.g., video question answering), their capability for spatiotemporal pattern reasoning across multiple videos remains a critical gap in pattern…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Nannan Zhu , Yonghao Dong , Teng Wang , Xueqian Li , Shengjun Deng , Yijia Wang , Zheng Hong , Tiantian Geng , Guo Niu , Hanyan Huang , Xiongfei Yao , Shuaiwei Jiao