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Quantum random access memory (QRAM)--memory which stores classical data but allows queries to be performed in superposition--is required for the implementation of numerous quantum algorithms. While naive implementations of QRAM are highly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-08 Connor T. Hann , Gideon Lee , S. M. Girvin , Liang Jiang

We propose an architecture, called NVQLink, for connecting high-performance computing (HPC) resources to the control system of a quantum processing unit (QPU) to accelerate workloads necessary to the operation of the QPU. We aim to support…

Modular architectures offer a scalable path toward fault-tolerant quantum computing by interconnecting smaller quantum processing units (QPUs) provided that high-rate, fault-tolerant interfaces can be realized across modules. We present a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Frederik K. Marqversen , Gefen Baranes , Maxim Sirotin , Johannes Borregaard

The design of a scalable Quantum Control Architecture (QCA) faces two primary challenges. First, the continuous growth in qubit counts has rendered distributed QCA inevitable, yet the nondeterministic latencies inherent in feedback loops…

Scaling bottlenecks the making of digital quantum computers, posing challenges from both the quantum and the classical components. We present a classical architecture to cope with a comprehensive list of the latter challenges {\em all at…

Quantum Random Access Memory (QRAM) is a critical component for loading classical data into quantum computers. While constructing a practical QRAM presents several challenges, including the impracticality of an infinitely large QRAM size…

Quantum low-density parity check (qLDPC) codes are among the leading candidates to realize error-corrected quantum memories with low qubit overhead. Potentially high encoding rates and large distance relative to their block size make them…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-14 Josias Old , Juval Bechar , Markus Müller , Sascha Heußen

Vast numbers of qubits will be needed for large-scale quantum computing due to the overheads associated with error correction. We present a scheme for low-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computation based on quantum low-density parity-check…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-24 Lawrence Z. Cohen , Isaac H. Kim , Stephen D. Bartlett , Benjamin J. Brown

Realizing the full potential of quantum computing requires large-scale quantum computers capable of running quantum error correction (QEC) to mitigate hardware errors and maintain quantum data coherence. While quantum computers operate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-11 Chaithanya Naik Mude , Satvik Maurya , Benjamin Lienhard , Swamit Tannu

In recent years, Quantum Computing (QC) has progressed to the point where small working prototypes are available for use. Termed Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers, these prototypes are too small for large benchmarks or even…

The Quantum Leading-Zero/One Counter (QLZOC) is a fundamental component in quantum arithmetic, playing a critical role in normalization, floating-point units, dynamic range scaling, and logarithmic approximations. Conventional designs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Lei-Han Yao , Shang-Wei Lin , Yu-Chung Chen , Yean-Ru Chen

Topological error correction codes are promising candidates to protect quantum computations from the deteriorating effects of noise. While some codes provide high noise thresholds suitable for robust quantum memories, others allow…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-07 Hendrik Poulsen Nautrup , Nicolai Friis , Hans J. Briegel

Quantum Reservoir Computing (QRC) harnesses quantum systems to tackle intricate computational problems with exceptional efficiency and minimized energy usage. This paper presents a QRC framework that utilizes a minimalistic quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Chuanzhou Zhu , Peter J. Ehlers , Hendra I. Nurdin , Daniel Soh

Quantum computing platforms are evolving to a point where placing high numbers of qubits into a single core comes with certain difficulties such as fidelity, crosstalk, and high power consumption of dense classical electronics. Utilizing…

Given a quantum gate circuit, how does one execute it in a fault-tolerant architecture with as little overhead as possible? In this paper, we discuss strategies for surface-code quantum computing on small, intermediate and large scales.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-07 Daniel Litinski

Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers face a critical limitation in qubit numbers, hindering their progression towards large-scale and fault-tolerant quantum computing. A significant challenge impeding scaling is crosstalk,…

We introduce fusion-based quantum computing (FBQC) - a model of universal quantum computation in which entangling measurements, called fusions, are performed on the qubits of small constant-sized entangled resource states. We introduce a…

High capacity and scalable memory systems play a vital role in enabling our desktops, smartphones, and pervasive technologies like Internet of Things (IoT). Unfortunately, memory systems are becoming increasingly prone to faults. This is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Prashant J. Nair

Recent advancements in neural network quantisation have yielded remarkable outcomes, with three-bit networks reaching state-of-the-art full-precision accuracy in complex tasks. These achievements present valuable opportunities for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Daniel Gerlinghoff , Benjamin Chen Ming Choong , Rick Siow Mong Goh , Weng-Fai Wong , Tao Luo

Quantum-classical interfaces (QCIs) for fault-tolerant quantum computing must manage simultaneous, real-time decoding across thousands to millions of logical qubits. Scaling these architectures necessitates sharing expensive decoding…