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Cancer progression arises from interactions across multiple biological layers, especially beyond morphological and across molecular layers that remain invisible to image-only models. To capture this broader biological landscape, we present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Juseung Yun , Sunwoo Yu , Sumin Ha , Jonghyun Kim , Janghyeon Lee , Jongseong Jang , Soonyoung Lee

Histopathological images are widely used for the analysis of diseased (tumor) tissues and patient treatment selection. While the majority of microscopy image processing was previously done manually by pathologists, recent advances in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-12 Andrey Ignatov , Josephine Yates , Valentina Boeva

Recent advancements in foundation models, typically trained with self-supervised learning on large-scale and diverse datasets, have shown great potential in medical image analysis. However, due to the significant spatial heterogeneity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Lingxiao Luo , Xuanzhong Chen , Bingda Tang , Xinsheng Chen , Rong Han , Chengpeng Hu , Yujiang Li , Ting Chen

Histopathology remains the gold standard for diagnosis of various cancers. Recent advances in computer vision, specifically deep learning, have facilitated the analysis of histopathology images for various tasks, including immune cell…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-11-02 Jakub R. Kaczmarzyk , Tahsin M. Kurc , Shahira Abousamra , Rajarsi Gupta , Joel H. Saltz , Peter K. Koo

Foundation models (FMs) have demonstrated strong performance across diverse pathology tasks. While there are similarities in the pre-training objectives of FMs, there is still limited understanding of their complementarity, redundancy in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Brennan Flannery , Thomas DeSilvio , Jane Nguyen , Satish E. Viswanath

Pathomics is a recent approach that offers rich quantitative features beyond what black-box deep learning can provide, supporting more reproducible and explainable biomarkers in digital pathology. However, many derived features (e.g.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yuechen Yang , Junlin Guo , Ruining Deng , Junchao Zhu , Zhengyi Lu , Chongyu Qu , Yanfan Zhu , Xingyi Guo , Yu Wang , Shilin Zhao , Haichun Yang , Yuankai Huo

Rare cancers comprise 20-25% of all malignancies but face major diagnostic challenges due to limited expert availability-especially in pediatric oncology, where they represent over 70% of cases. While pathology vision-language (VL)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Dexuan He , Xiao Zhou , Wenbin Guan , Liyuan Zhang , Xiaoman Zhang , Sinuo Xu , Ge Wang , Lifeng Wang , Xiaojun Yuan , Xin Sun , Yanfeng Wang , Kun Sun , Ya Zhang , Weidi Xie

The field of computational pathology has witnessed remarkable progress in the development of both task-specific predictive models and task-agnostic self-supervised vision encoders. However, despite the explosive growth of generative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Ming Y. Lu , Bowen Chen , Drew F. K. Williamson , Richard J. Chen , Kenji Ikamura , Georg Gerber , Ivy Liang , Long Phi Le , Tong Ding , Anil V Parwani , Faisal Mahmood

Accurate and timely cancer diagnosis from histopathological slides is vital for effective clinical decision-making. This paper introduces DepViT-CAD, a deployable AI system for multi-class cancer diagnosis in histopathology. At its core is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-15 Ashkan Shakarami , Lorenzo Nicole , Rocco Cappellesso , Angelo Paolo Dei Tos , Stefano Ghidoni

With the rapid development of computational pathology, many AI-assisted diagnostic tasks have emerged. Cellular nuclei segmentation can segment various types of cells for downstream analysis, but it relies on predefined categories and lacks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Chunlin Zhong , Shuang Hao , Junhua Wu , Xiaona Chang , Jiwei Jiang , Xiu Nie , He Tang , Xiang Bai

Diagnosing diseases through histopathology whole slide images (WSIs) is fundamental in modern pathology but is challenged by the gigapixel scale and complexity of WSIs. Trained histopathologists overcome this challenge by navigating the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Fatemeh Ghezloo , Mehmet Saygin Seyfioglu , Rustin Soraki , Wisdom O. Ikezogwo , Beibin Li , Tejoram Vivekanandan , Joann G. Elmore , Ranjay Krishna , Linda Shapiro

Pathology foundation models (PFMs) have emerged as powerful tools for analyzing whole slide images (WSIs). However, adapting these pretrained PFMs for specific clinical tasks presents considerable challenges, primarily due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Neeraj Kumar , Swaraj Nanda , Siddharth Singi , Jamal Benhamida , David Kim , Jie-Fu Chen , Amir Momeni-Boroujeni , Gregory M. Goldgof , Gabriele Campanella , Chad Vanderbilt

Foundation models have revolutionized natural language processing through a ``train once, deploy anywhere'' paradigm, where a single pre-trained model adapts to countless downstream tasks without retraining. Access to a Physics Foundation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Florian Wiesner , Matthias Wessling , Stephen Baek

Histopathology is a reflection of the molecular changes and provides prognostic phenotypes representing the disease progression. In this study, we introduced feature scores generated from hematoxylin and eosin histology images based on deep…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-28 Okyaz Eminaga , Mahmood Abbas , Yuri Tolkach , Rosalie Nolley , Christian Kunder , Axel Semjonow , Martin Boegemann

Foundation models (FM) have transformed computational pathology but remain computationally prohibitive for clinical deployment due to their massive parameter counts and high-magnification processing requirements. Here, we introduce XMAG, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ziyu Su , Abdul Rehman Akbar , Usama Sajjad , Anil V. Parwani , Muhammad Khalid Khan Niazi

Pathology foundation models (PFMs) have demonstrated strong representational capabilities through self-supervised pre-training on large-scale, unannotated histopathology image datasets. However, their diverse yet opaque pretraining…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Yuxiang Xiao , Yang Hu , Bin Li , Tianyang Zhang , Zexi Li , Huazhu Fu , Jens Rittscher , Kaixiang Yang

Pathology is the study of microscopic inspection of tissue, and a pathology diagnosis is often the medical gold standard to diagnose disease. Pathology images provide a unique challenge for computer-vision-based analysis: a single pathology…

Accurate semantic segmentation for histopathology image is crucial for quantitative tissue analysis and downstream clinical modeling. Recent segmentation foundation models have improved generalization through large-scale pretraining, yet…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Peixian Liang , Songhao Li , Shunsuke Koga , Yutong Li , Zahra Alipour , Yucheng Tang , Daguang Xu , Zhi Huang

In recent years, foundation models such as CLIP, DINO,and CONCH have demonstrated remarkable domain generalization and unsupervised feature extraction capabilities across diverse imaging tasks. However, systematic and independent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Lavish Ramchandani , Aashay Tinaikar , Dev Kumar Das , Rohit Garg , Tijo Thomas

Foundation models for computational pathology have shown great promise for specimen-level tasks and are increasingly accessible to researchers. However, specimen-level models built on these foundation models remain largely unavailable,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-13 Jakub R. Kaczmarzyk , Rishul Sharma , Peter K. Koo , Joel H. Saltz