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Quantum error correction (QEC) is a key concept in quantum computation as well as many areas of physics. There are fundamental tensions between continuous symmetries and QEC. One vital situation is unfolded by the Eastin--Knill theorem,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Zi-Wen Liu , Sisi Zhou

Quantum resources enable one to achieve quantum-enhanced estimation sensitivity beyond its classical counterpart. Many studies mainly focus on reducing statistical error, under the assumption that one can always set an unbiased estimator.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Hyukgun Kwon , Changhun Oh , Youngrong Lim , Hyunseok Jeong , Seung-Woo Lee , Liang Jiang

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) represents a promising frontier at the intersection of quantum computing and artificial intelligence, aiming to leverage quantum computational advantages to enhance data-driven tasks. This review explores the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Samarth Kashyap , Rohit K Ramakrishnan , Kumari Jyoti , Apoorva D Patel

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) provides a practical route for estimating reliable observables on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Traditional QEM strategies, including zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE) and Clifford data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Huaxin Wang , Xinge Wu , Jiajun Liu , Ruiqing He , Jiandong Shang , Hengliang Guo , Qiang Chen

Encoding quantum information in a quantum error correction (QEC) code enhances protection against errors. Imperfection of quantum devices due to decoherence effects will limit the fidelity of quantum gate operations. In particular, neutral…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 J. J. Postema , S. J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans

The ability to extend the lifetime of a logical qubit beyond that of the best physical qubit available within the same system, i.e., the break-even point, is a prerequisite for building practical quantum computers. So far, this point has…

Quantum computers require error correction to achieve universal quantum computing. However, current decoding of quantum error-correcting codes relies on classical computation, which is slower than quantum operations in superconducting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Pan Zhang

Quantum Error Correction (QEC) is an essential field of research towards the realization of large-scale quantum computers. On the theoretical side, a lot of effort is put into designing error-correcting codes that protect quantum data from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-10 Lucas Berent , Lukas Burgholzer , Robert Wille

Implementing quantum error correction (QEC) protocols is a challenging task in today's era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. We present quantum circuits for a universal, noise-adapted recovery map, often referred to as the Petz…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-14 Debjyoti Biswas , Gaurav M. Vaidya , Prabha Mandayam

Quantum error correction (QEC) plays a critical role in preventing information loss in quantum systems and provides a framework for reliable quantum computation. Identifying quantum codes with nice code parameters for physically motivated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Sourav Dutta , Debjyoti Biswas , Prabha Mandayam

We introduce a theory of quantum error correction (QEC) for a subclass of states within a larger Hilbert space. In the standard theory of QEC, the set of all encoded states is formed by an arbitrary linear combination of the codewords.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-13 Maximilian Reichert , Louis W. Tessler , Marcel Bergmann , Peter van Loock , Tim Byrnes

Quantum bits are more robust to noise when they are encoded non-locally. In such an encoding, errors affecting the underlying physical system can then be detected and corrected before they corrupt the encoded information. In 2001,…

This paper investigates quantum error correction schemes for fully-correlated noise channels on an $n$-qubit system, where error operators take the form $W^{\otimes n}$, with $W$ being an arbitrary $2\times 2$ unitary operator. In previous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-30 Chi-Kwong Li , Yuqiao Li , Diane Christine Pelejo , Sage Stanish

Near-term quantum workloads demand error management, yet the two lightest-weight techniques, Quantum Error Detection (QED) and Probabilistic Error Cancellation (PEC), have complementary cost profiles whose joint architectural design space…

In celebration of the 2025 International Year of Quantum Science and Technology, this article highlights the pioneering achievements and ongoing innovations in quantum error correction and quantum error mitigation by Canadian institutions,…

Quantum error correction (QEC) is indispensable for realizing fault-tolerant quantum computation, yet its effectiveness hinges critically on the classical decoding algorithm that interprets noisy syndrome measurements. Among all possible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Hanyan Cao , Ge Yan , Yuxuan Du , Feng Pan

Quantum computers face significant challenges from quantum deviations or coherent noise, particularly during gate operations, which pose a complex threat to the efficacy of quantum error correction (QEC) protocols. In this study, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-11 Yuanchen Zhao , Dong E. Liu

Quantum error-correcting codes protect fragile quantum information by encoding it redundantly, but identifying codes that perform well in practice with minimal overhead remains difficult due to the combinatorial search space and the high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Yihua Chengyu , Richard Meister , Conor Carty , Sheng-Ku Lin , Roberto Bondesan

Quantum error correction (QEC) aims to mitigate the loss of quantum information to the environment, which is a critical requirement for practical quantum computing. Existing QEC implementations heavily rely on measurement-based feedback,…

Quantum computing hardware is affected by quantum noise that undermine the quality of results of an executed quantum program. Amongst other quantum noises, coherent error that caused by parameter drifting and miscalibration, remains…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Xiangyu Ren , Junjie Wan , Zhiding Liang , Antonio Barbalace