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Compute-In-Memory (CiM) is a promising solution to accelerate Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) as it can avoid energy-intensive DNN weight movement and use memory arrays to perform low-energy, high-density computations. These benefits have…

Recently, significant progress has been made in developing reasoning-capable Large Language Models (LLMs) through long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) techniques. However, this long-CoT reasoning process imposes substantial memory overhead due to…

The AIPC concept is gaining popularity, and more and more hybrid CPUs will be running AI models on client devices. However, the current AI inference framework overlooks the imbalanced hardware capability of hybrid CPUs, leading to low…

Information retrieval in Large Language Models (LLMs) is increasingly recognized as intertwined with generation capabilities rather than mere lookup. While longer contexts are often assumed to improve retrieval, the effects of intra-context…

Modern transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) are constructed with a series of decoder blocks. Each block comprises three key components: (1) QKV generation, (2) multi-head attention, and (3) feed-forward networks. In batched…

Recent breakthroughs in Large-scale language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on various tasks. The immense sizes of LLMs have led to very high resource demand and cost for running the models. Though the models are…

Transformer based Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely used in many fields, and the efficiency of LLM inference becomes hot topic in real applications. However, LLMs are usually complicatedly designed in model structure with…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become extremely potent instruments with exceptional capacities for comprehending and producing human-like text in a wide range of applications. However, the increasing size and complexity of LLMs present…

Emerging applications such as AR are driving demands for machine intelligence capable of processing continuous and/or long-context inputs on local devices. However, currently dominant models based on Transformer architecture suffers from…

Large language models (LLMs) operate within fixed context windows that fundamentally limit conversational continuity. When context fills, compaction discards history irreversibly; when sessions end, all memory resets to zero. Existing…

Cost of serving large language models (LLM) is high, but the expensive and scarce GPUs are poorly efficient when generating tokens sequentially, unless the batch of sequences is enlarged. However, the batch size is limited by some…

Computing-in-Memory (CiM) architectures aim to reduce costly data transfers by performing arithmetic and logic operations in memory and hence relieve the pressure due to the memory wall. However, determining whether a given workload can…

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a cornerstone in real-world applications with lengthy streaming inputs (e.g., LLM-driven agents). However, existing LLMs, pre-trained on sequences with a restricted maximum length, cannot process…

The evolution of large language models (LLMs) towards applications with ultra-long contexts faces challenges posed by the high computational and memory costs of the Transformer architecture. While existing sparse and linear attention…

Large Language Models (LLMs) with expanding context windows face significant performance hurdles. While caching key-value (KV) states is critical for avoiding redundant computation, the storage footprint of long-context caches quickly…

Long-term conversational memory in practical LLM applications is inherently collaborative: information is produced by multiple participants, scattered across groups and channels, revised over time, and implicitly grounded in roles and…

Processing in memory (PiM) represents a promising computing paradigm to enhance performance of numerous data-intensive applications. Variants performing computing directly in emerging nonvolatile memories can deliver very high energy…

The proliferation of long-context large language models (LLMs) exposes a key bottleneck: the rapidly expanding key-value cache during decoding, which imposes heavy memory and latency costs. While recent approaches attempt to alleviate this…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of natural language processing, achieving unprecedented performance across a variety of applications. However, their increased computational and memory demands present significant…

Efficient memory management in heterogeneous systems is increasingly challenging due to diverse compute architectures (e.g., CPU, GPU, FPGA) and dynamic task mappings not known at compile time. Existing approaches often require programmers…