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Large language model (LLM) alignment faces a critical dilemma when addressing multiple human preferences: improvements in one dimension frequently come at the expense of others, creating unavoidable trade-offs between competing objectives…

Embedding models are crucial for various natural language processing tasks but can be limited by factors such as limited vocabulary, lack of context, and grammatical errors. This paper proposes a novel approach to improve embedding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Nicholas Harris , Anand Butani , Syed Hashmy

In the past year, MultiModal Large Language Models (MM-LLMs) have undergone substantial advancements, augmenting off-the-shelf LLMs to support MM inputs or outputs via cost-effective training strategies. The resulting models not only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Duzhen Zhang , Yahan Yu , Jiahua Dong , Chenxing Li , Dan Su , Chenhui Chu , Dong Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various natural language tasks, marking significant strides towards general artificial intelligence. While general artificial intelligence is leveraged by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Yizhe Yang , Huashan Sun , Jiawei Li , Runheng Liu , Yinghao Li , Yuhang Liu , Heyan Huang , Yang Gao

Sequence-to-sequence models with an implicit alignment mechanism (e.g. attention) are closing the performance gap towards traditional hybrid hidden Markov models (HMM) for the task of automatic speech recognition. One important factor to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-21 Wilfried Michel , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in natural language processing (NLP), showing a promising future of artificial generated intelligence (AGI). Despite their notable performance in the general domain, LLMs have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Jingyuan Chen , Tao Wu , Wei Ji , Fei Wu

Current large language models (LLMs) generally show a significant performance gap in alignment between English and other languages. To bridge this gap, existing research typically leverages the model's responses in English as a reference to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Xue Zhang , Yunlong Liang , Fandong Meng , Songming Zhang , Yufeng Chen , Jinan Xu , Jie Zhou

Unsupervised graph alignment finds the node correspondence between a pair of attributed graphs by only exploiting graph structure and node features. One category of recent studies first computes the node representation and then matches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Songyang Chen , Yu Liu , Lei Zou , Zexuan Wang , Youfang Lin

Processor chip design technology serves as a key frontier driving breakthroughs in computer science and related fields. With the rapid advancement of information technology, conventional design paradigms face three major challenges: the…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown high capabilities in several software development-related tasks such as program repair, documentation, code refactoring, debugging, and testing. However, training these models requires massive amount…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Meghdad Dehghan , Jie JW Wu , Fatemeh H. Fard , Ali Ouni

Large Language Models (LLMs) have seen great advance in both academia and industry, and their popularity results in numerous open-source frameworks and techniques in accelerating LLM pre-training, fine-tuning, and inference. Training and…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Longteng Zhang , Xiang Liu , Zeyu Li , Xinglin Pan , Peijie Dong , Ruibo Fan , Rui Guo , Xin Wang , Qiong Luo , Shaohuai Shi , Xiaowen Chu

In recent years, large pre-trained language models (LLMs) have demonstrated the ability to follow instructions and perform novel tasks from a few examples. The possibility to parameterise an LLM through such in-context examples widens their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Imanol Schlag , Sainbayar Sukhbaatar , Asli Celikyilmaz , Wen-tau Yih , Jason Weston , Jürgen Schmidhuber , Xian Li

The use of large language model (LLM)-powered chatbots, such as ChatGPT, has become popular across various domains, supporting a range of tasks and processes. However, due to the intrinsic complexity of LLMs, effective prompting is more…

While large language models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive instruction-following capabilities, it is still unclear whether and to what extent they can respond to explicit constraints that might be entailed in various instructions. As a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Yihan Chen , Benfeng Xu , Quan Wang , Yi Liu , Zhendong Mao

Instruction-following is a foundational capability of large language models (LLMs), with its improvement hinging on scalable and accurate feedback from judge models. However, the reliability of current judge models in instruction-following…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Bosi Wen , Yilin Niu , Cunxiang Wang , Xiaoying Ling , Ying Zhang , Pei Ke , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

In recent years, the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) has attracted increasing attention due to their potential in a variety of practical applications. The application of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Jinzhou Lin , Han Gao , Xuxiang Feng , Rongtao Xu , Changwei Wang , Man Zhang , Li Guo , Shibiao Xu

Cross-modal alignment aims to map heterogeneous modalities into a shared latent space, as exemplified by models like CLIP, which benefit from large-scale image-text pretraining for strong recognition capabilities. However, when operating in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jiaxiang Liu , Yuan Wang , Jiawei Du , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Mingkun Xu , Zuozhu Liu

Aligning large language models (LLMs) through supervised fine-tuning is essential for tailoring them to specific applications. Recent studies suggest that alignment primarily adjusts a model's presentation style rather than its foundational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Guangyuan Shi , Zexin Lu , Xiaoyu Dong , Wenlong Zhang , Xuanyu Zhang , Yujie Feng , Xiao-Ming Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly those similar to ChatGPT, have significantly influenced the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). While these models excel in general language tasks, their performance in domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Omid Rohanian , Mohammadmahdi Nouriborji , David A. Clifton

Alignment has become a critical step for instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) to become helpful assistants. However, the effective evaluation of alignment for emerging Chinese LLMs is still largely unexplored. To fill in this gap,…