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Hydrogen energy plays an important role in the transformation of low-carbon energy, and electric hydrogen coupling will become a typical energy scenario. Aiming at the operation flexibility of low-carbon electricity hydrogen coupling system…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-13 Zijiao Han , Shun Yuan , Yannan Dong , Shaohua Ma , Yudong Bian , Xinyu Mao

Aluminium is manufactured through the Hall-H\'eroult process, which is very energy intensive. Power modulation, as an industrial-scale demand-side power management approach, allows aluminium smelters to operate with variable power…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-12 Choon-Jie Wong , Adam A. Larkin , Jie Bao , Maria Skyllas-Kazacos , Barry J. Welch , Nadia Ahli , Maitha Faraj , Mohamed Mahmoud

In the global pursuit of sustainable energy solutions, mitigating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions stands as a pivotal challenge. With escalating atmospheric CO2 levels, the imperative of direct air capture (DAC) systems becomes evident.…

General Economics · Economics 2024-10-22 Sunwoo Kim , Joungho Park , Jay H. Lee

This paper surveys the primary computational hurdles of Energy Systems optimization coming from different sources: model-induced complexity, optimization algorithm requirements, and uncertainties handling (both aleatoric and epistemic).…

Within the last few years, the trend towards more distributed, renewable energy sources has led to major changes and challenges in the electricity sector. To ensure a stable electricity distribution in this changing environment, we propose…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-12 Jens Hönen , Johann L. Hurink , Bert Zwart

Power-to-Hydrogen is crucial for the renewable energy transition, yet existing literature lacks business models for the significant excess heat it generates. This study addresses this by evaluating three models for selling…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Kristoffer Christensen , Bo Nørregaard Jørgensen , Zheng Grace Ma

Hybrid Energy Systems (HES), integrating generation sources, energy storage, and controllable loads, are well-positioned to provide real-time grid flexibility. However, quantifying this maximum flexibility is challenging due to renewable…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-02 Tanmay Mishra , Mads R Almassalkhi

Hybrid Energy Systems (HES), amalgamating renewable sources, energy storage, and conventional generation, have emerged as a responsive resource for providing valuable grid services. Subsequently, modeling and analysis of HES has become…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-19 Tanmay Mishra , Amritanshu Pandey , Mads R. Almassalkhi

In this paper, first we propose a novel hybrid renewable energy-based solution for frost prevention in horticulture applications involving active heaters. Then, we develop a multi-objective robust optimization-based formulation to optimize…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-28 Ercan Atam , Tamer F. Abdelmaguid , Muhammed Emre Keskin , Eric C. Kerrigan

The vision of electrolytic hydrogen as a clean energy vector prompts the emergence of hydrogen-centric companies that must simultaneously engage in electricity, hydrogen, and green certificate markets while operating complex, geographically…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Seyed Amir Mansouri , Kenneth Bruninx

In this paper, a hydrogen-based energy storage system (ESS) is proposed for DC microgrids, which can potentially be integrated with battery ESS to meet the needs of future grids with high renewable penetration. Hydrogen-based ESS can…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-04 Massiagbe Diabate , Timothy Vriend , Harish S Krishnamoorthy , Jian Shi

As the share of variable renewable energy sources increases in the electricity mix, new solutions are needed to build a flexible and reliable grid. Energy arbitrage with battery storage systems supports renewable energy integration into the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-17 Alban Puech , Gorazd Dimitrov , Claudia D'Ambrosio

Renewable power-to-hydrogen (ReP2H) enables large-scale renewable energy utilization and supports the decarbonization of hard-to-abate sectors, such as chemicals and maritime transport, via hydrogen-based renewable ammonia and methanol…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-05 Jie Zhu , Yiwei Qiu , Yangjun Zeng , Shahab Dehghan , Sheng Wang , Shi Chen , Buxiang Zhou

Thyristor rectifiers (TRs) are cost-effective power supplies for hydrogen electrolyzers (ELZs) but introduce harmonic distortion that may violate grid codes. This letter proposes a self-governing harmonic mitigation strategy through…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-22 Yangjun Zeng , Yiwei Qiu , Li Jiang , Jie Zhu , Yi Zhou , Jiarong Li , Shi Chen , Buxiang Zhou

The integration of renewable energy into the power grid is often hindered by its fragmented infrastructure, leading to inefficient utilization due to the variability of energy production and its reliance on weather conditions. Battery…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-20 Dhrumil Bhatt , Siddharth Penumatsa , Nirbhay Singhal

The increasing integration of renewable energy sources and distributed energy resources (DER) into modern power systems introduces significant uncertainty, posing challenges for maintaining grid flexibility and reliability. Hybrid energy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-31 Tanmay Mishra , Dakota Hamilton , Mads R. Almassalkhi

Hydrogen electrolyzers, with their operational flexibility, can be configured as smart dynamic loads which can provide grid services and facilitate the integration of more renewable energy sources into the electrical grid. However, to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-14 Bang L. H. Nguyen , Mayank Panwar , Rob Hovsapian , Kazunori Nagasawa , Tuyen V. Vu

Incorporating renewable energy sources (RESs) into manufacturing systems has been an active research area in order to address many challenges originating from the unpredictable nature of RESs such as photovoltaics.In the energy-aware…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-03 Zhean Shao , Wen Li , Ying Tan

This paper addresses the challenge of pressure constraint violations in water electrolysis systems operating under dynamic power conditions, a problem common to both Proton Exchange Membrane and alkaline technologies. To investigate this…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-23 Mostafaali Ayubirad , Madiha Akbar , Hamid R. Ossareh

The transition to sustainable energy is critical for addressing global climate change. Hydrogen production, particularly via electrolysis, has emerged as a key solution, offering the potential for low-carbon energy across various sectors.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Niraj Gohil , Alexander Franke , Nawshad Haque , Amro M. Farid