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Insider threats continue to present a major challenge for the information security community. Despite constant research taking place in this area; a substantial gap still exists between the requirements of this community and the solutions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-25 Adam James Hall , Nikolaos Pitropakis , William J Buchanan , Naghmeh Moradpoor

As training artificial intelligence (AI) models is a lengthy and hence costly process, leakage of such a model's internal parameters is highly undesirable. In the case of AI accelerators, side-channel information leakage opens up the threat…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Andrija Nešković , Saleh Mulhem , Alexander Treff , Rainer Buchty , Thomas Eisenbarth , Mladen Berekovic

The growing complexity of cyber attacks has necessitated the evolution of firewall technologies from static models to adaptive, machine learning-driven systems. This research introduces "Dynamically Retrainable Firewalls", which respond to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Sina Ahmadi

Threat hunting is a proactive methodology for exploring, detecting and mitigating cyberattacks within complex environments. As opposed to conventional detection systems, threat hunting strategies assume adversaries have infiltrated the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Ángel Casanova Bienzobas , Alfonso Sánchez-Macián

Secret-dependent timing behavior in cryptographic implementations has resulted in exploitable vulnerabilities, undermining their security. Over the years, numerous tools to automatically detect timing leakage or even to prove their absence…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Jan Wichelmann , Florian Sieck , Anna Pätschke , Thomas Eisenbarth

The recently proposed {\em cybersecurity dynamics} approach aims to understand cybersecurity from a holistic perspective by modeling the evolution of the global cybersecurity state. These models describe the interactions between the various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-04-01 Ren Zheng , Wenlian Lu , Shouhuai Xu

Temporal information extraction (TIE) has attracted a great deal of interest over the last two decades, leading to the development of a significant number of datasets. Despite its benefits, having access to a large volume of corpora makes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Hugo Sousa , Alípio Jorge , Ricardo Campos

Large-scale online campaigns, malicious or otherwise, require a significant degree of coordination among participants, which sparked interest in the study of coordinated online behavior. State-of-the-art methods for detecting coordinated…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Serena Tardelli , Leonardo Nizzoli , Maurizio Tesconi , Mauro Conti , Preslav Nakov , Giovanni Da San Martino , Stefano Cresci

This work presents a threat modelling approach to represent changes to the attack paths through an Internet of Things (IoT) environment when the environment changes dynamically, i.e., when new devices are added or removed from the system or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Marwa Salayma

We empirically evaluate whether AI systems are more effective at attacking or defending in cybersecurity. Using CAI (Cybersecurity AI)'s parallel execution framework, we deployed autonomous agents in 23 Attack/Defense CTF battlegrounds.…

It is very challenging to predict the cost of a cyber incident owing to the complex nature of cyber risk. However, it is inevitable for insurance companies who offer cyber insurance policies. The time to identifying an incident and the time…

Applications · Statistics 2022-09-27 Maochao Xu , Quynh Nhu Nguyen

The growing integration of AI into cybersecurity is reshaping the balance between attackers and defenders. When access to advanced AI-enabled defence tools is uneven, resource-limited defenders may be unable to adopt effective protection,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Adeela Bashir , Zia Ush Shamszaman , Zhao Song , Matjaz Perc , The Anh Han

We introduce a system for automatically generating warnings of imminent or current cyber-threats. Our system leverages the communication of malicious actors on the darkweb, as well as activity of cyber security experts on social media…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-01-31 Anna Sapienza , Alessandro Bessi , Saranya Damodaran , Paulo Shakarian , Kristina Lerman , Emilio Ferrara

The Internet of Things (IoT) systems increasingly depend on continual learning to adapt to non-stationary environments. These environments can include factors such as sensor drift, changing user behavior, device aging, and adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Alfous Tim , Kuniyilh Simi D

Cyberattacks on industrial control systems (ICS) have been drawing attention in academia. However, this has not raised adequate concerns among some industrial practitioners. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the vulnerable locations…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-16 He Wen

Advanced AI systems offer substantial benefits but also introduce risks. In 2025, AI-enabled cyber offense has emerged as a concrete example. This technical report applies a quantitative risk modeling methodology (described in full in a…

Cyber attacks are becoming more sophisticated and diverse, making detection increasingly challenging. To combat these attacks, security practitioners actively summarize and exchange their knowledge about attacks across organizations in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Zhenyuan Li , Jun Zeng , Yan Chen , Zhenkai Liang

As new technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) are integrated into Critical National Infrastructures (CNI), new cybersecurity threats emerge that require specific security solutions. Approaches used for analysis include the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Uchenna D Ani , Jeremy D McK. Watson , Jason R. C. Nurse , Al Cook , Carsten Maple

In cybersecurity, vulnerability assessment has typically focused on identifying and measuring vulnerabilities within digital assets and technical infrastructures. However, there is growing recognition that this approach alone is inadequate…

Software is prone to security vulnerabilities. Program analysis tools to detect them have limited effectiveness in practice due to their reliance on human labeled specifications. Large language models (or LLMs) have shown impressive code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Ziyang Li , Saikat Dutta , Mayur Naik