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Multimodal pretrained models are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, yet most existing methods rely on visual or multimodal triggers, which are impractical since visually embedded triggers rarely occur in real-world data. To overcome this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yiyang Zhang , Chaojian Yu , Ziming Hong , Yuanjie Shao , Qinmu Peng , Tongliang Liu , Xinge You

Deep neural networks (DNNs) can be easily fooled by adding human imperceptible perturbations to the images. These perturbed images are known as `adversarial examples' and pose a serious threat to security and safety critical systems. A…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Muzammal Naseer , Salman H. Khan , Shafin Rahman , Fatih Porikli

Adversarial attacks present a critical challenge to deep neural networks' robustness, particularly in transfer scenarios across different model architectures. However, the transferability of adversarial attacks faces a fundamental dilemma…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Zenghao Niu , Weicheng Xie , Siyang Song , Zitong Yu , Feng Liu , Linlin Shen

Deep learning algorithms have increasingly been shown to lack robustness to simple adversarial examples (AdvX). An equally troubling observation is that these adversarial examples transfer between different architectures trained on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-18 George Adam , Petr Smirnov , Benjamin Haibe-Kains , Anna Goldenberg

Vision transformers (ViTs) have demonstrated impressive performance on a series of computer vision tasks, yet they still suffer from adversarial examples. % crafted in a similar fashion as CNNs. In this paper, we posit that adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Zhipeng Wei , Jingjing Chen , Micah Goldblum , Zuxuan Wu , Tom Goldstein , Yu-Gang Jiang

Adversarial examples generated from surrogate models often possess the ability to deceive other black-box models, a property known as transferability. Recent research has focused on enhancing adversarial transferability, with input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Tao Wang , Zijian Ying , Qianmu Li , zhichao Lian

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) models are one of the most frequently used deep learning networks, and extensively used in both academia and industry. Recent studies demonstrated that adversarial attacks against such models can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Ehsan Nowroozi , Yassine Mekdad , Mohammad Hajian Berenjestanaki , Mauro Conti , Abdeslam EL Fergougui

Studying adversarial attacks on point clouds is essential for evaluating and improving the robustness of 3D deep learning models. However, most existing attack methods are developed under ideal white-box settings and often suffer from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Keke Tang , Yuze Gao , Weilong Peng , Xiaofei Wang , Meie Fang , Peican Zhu

Model Merging (MM) has emerged as a promising alternative to multi-task learning, where multiple fine-tuned models are combined, without access to tasks' training data, into a single model that maintains performance across tasks. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ankit Gangwal , Aaryan Ajay Sharma

Deep learning has made significant breakthroughs in many fields, including electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, deep learning models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, in which deliberately…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Xue Jiang , Xiao Zhang , Dongrui Wu

As machine learning models become increasingly deployed across the edge of internet of things environments, a partitioned deep learning paradigm in which models are split across multiple computational nodes introduces a new dimension of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Giulio Rossolini , Fabio Brau , Alessandro Biondi , Battista Biggio , Giorgio Buttazzo

Multimodal learning involves developing models that can integrate information from various sources like images and texts. In this field, multimodal text generation is a crucial aspect that involves processing data from multiple modalities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Youze Wang , Wenbo Hu , Richang Hong

While the untargeted black-box transferability of adversarial perturbations has been extensively studied before, changing an unseen model's decisions to a specific `targeted' class remains a challenging feat. In this paper, we propose a new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Muzammal Naseer , Salman Khan , Munawar Hayat , Fahad Shahbaz Khan , Fatih Porikli

The emergence of multimodal large language models has redefined the agent paradigm by integrating language and vision modalities with external data sources, enabling agents to better interpret human instructions and execute increasingly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Le Wang , Zonghao Ying , Tianyuan Zhang , Siyuan Liang , Shengshan Hu , Mingchuan Zhang , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

We present MS-GAGA (Metric-Selective Guided Adversarial Generation Attack), a two-stage framework for crafting transferable and visually imperceptible adversarial examples against deepfake detectors in black-box settings. In Stage 1, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Dion J. X. Ho , Gabriel Lee Jun Rong , Niharika Shrivastava , Harshavardhan Abichandani , Pai Chet Ng , Xiaoxiao Miao

Transferability of adversarial examples is of central importance for attacking an unknown model, which facilitates adversarial attacks in more practical scenarios, e.g., black-box attacks. Existing transferable attacks tend to craft…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Zhibo Wang , Hengchang Guo , Zhifei Zhang , Wenxin Liu , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren

With the rapid advancement of retrieval-augmented vision-language models, multimodal medical retrieval-augmented generation (MMed-RAG) systems are increasingly adopted in clinical decision support. These systems enhance medical applications…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yingjia Shang , Yi Liu , Huimin Wang , Furong Li , Wenfang Sun , Wu Chengyu , Yefeng Zheng

Due to great success of transformers in many applications such as natural language processing and computer vision, transformers have been successfully applied in automatic modulation classification. We have shown that transformer-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Lu Zhang , Sangarapillai Lambotharan , Gan Zheng , Guisheng Liao , Basil AsSadhan , Fabio Roli

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are highly vulnerable to adversarial examples, which pose significant challenges in security-sensitive applications. Among various adversarial attack strategies, input transformation-based attacks have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Hangyu Liu , Bo Peng , Can Cui , Pengxiang Ding , Donglin Wang

Deep learning-based person re-identification (re-id) models are widely employed in surveillance systems and inevitably inherit the vulnerability of deep networks to adversarial attacks. Existing attacks merely consider cross-dataset and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Yuan Bian , Min Liu , Xueping Wang , Yunfeng Ma , Yaonan Wang