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I discuss features required for preserving unitarity in black hole decay and concepts underlying such a perspective. Unitarity requires that correlations extend on the scale of the horizon. I show, in a toy model inspired by string…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Englert

We present the Quantum Memory Matrix (QMM) hypothesis, which addresses the longstanding Black Hole Information Paradox rooted in the apparent conflict between Quantum Mechanics (QM) and General Relativity (GR). This paradox raises the…

General Physics · Physics 2025-05-07 Florian Neukart , Reuben Brasher , Eike Marx

Over the years, the so-called black hole information loss paradox has generated an amazingly diverse set of (often radical) proposals. However, forty years after the introduction of Hawking's radiation, there continues to be a debate…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-04-18 Elias Okon , Daniel Sudarsky

The black hole information paradox is a contradiction between fundamental principles which has puzzled physicists for over forty years. The crux of the problem lies in an assumption about the structure of entanglement across the event…

Popular Physics · Physics 2019-01-07 Ro Jefferson

We discuss how relaxing the requirement of locality for quantum fields can equip the Hilbert space of the theory with a richer structure in its multi-particle sector. A physical consequence is the emergence of a "planckian"…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-03-19 Michele Arzano , Alioscia Hamma , Simone Severini

We argue in a quantitative way that the unitarity principle of quantum field theory together with the quantum information bound on correlation functions are in tension with a space which is made out of disconnected patches at microscopic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-02-05 Amir-Pouyan Khosravi , Frank Saueressig

In this paper we will analyse the black hole information paradox in group field cosmology. We will first construct a group field cosmology with third quantized gauge symmetry. Then we will argue that that in this group field cosmology the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-02-26 Mir Faizal

Various contenders for a complete theory of quantum gravity are at odds with each other. This is in particular seen in the ways they relate to information and black holes, and how to effectively treat quantization of the background…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-08 Gerard 't Hooft , Steven B. Giddings , Carlo Rovelli , Piero Nicolini , Jonas Mureika , Matthias Kaminski , Marcus Bleicher

It is argued that the blackhole information paradox originates from treating the blackhole geometry as strictly classical. It is further argued that the theory of quantum fields in a classical curved space with a horizon is an ill posed…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-09-13 Ram Brustein

A proposal for resolution of the information paradox is that "nice slice" states, which have been viewed as providing a sharp argument for information loss, do not in fact do so as they do not give a fully accurate description of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-02-01 Steven B. Giddings

Suppose a black hole forms from a pure quantum state $\ket{\psi}$. The black hole information loss paradox arises from semiclassical arguments suggesting that, even in a closed system, the process of black hole formation and evaporation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-15 Kiran Adhikari

The origin of black hole entropy and the black hole information problem provide important clues for trying to piece together a quantum theory of gravity. Thus far, discussions on this topic have mostly assumed that in a consistent theory of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-10-02 Markus P. Mueller , Jonathan Oppenheim , Oscar C. O. Dahlsten

The information loss paradox is often discussed from the perspective of the observers who stay outside of a black hole. However, the interior spacetime of a black hole can be rather nontrivial. We discuss the open problems regarding the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-27 Yen Chin Ong

The recent progress in string theory strongly suggests that formation and evaporation of black holes is a unitary process. This fact makes it imperative that we find a flaw in the semiclassical reasoning that implies a loss of information.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-28 Samir D. Mathur

A recently introduced discrete formalism allows to solve the problem of time in quantum gravity in a relational manner. Quantum mechanics formulated with a relational time is not exactly unitary and implies a fundamental mechanism for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Rodolfo Gambini , Rafael Porto , Jorge Pullin

I recall my 'matter-gravity entanglement hypothesis' and briefly review the evidence for it, based partly on its seeming ability to resolve a number of puzzles related to quantum black holes including the black hole information loss puzzle.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-01 Bernard S. Kay

This study aims to reconcile quantum theory with the universality of the speed of light in vacuum and its implications on relativity through an information-theoretic approach. We introduce the concepts of a holographic sphere and…

General Physics · Physics 2022-12-06 Szymon Łukaszyk

The Black Hole Uncertainty Principle correspondence proposes a connection between the Uncertainty Principle on microscopic scales and black holes on macroscopic scales. This is manifested in a unified expression for the Compton wavelength…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-02-07 B. J. Carr

The process of black hole evaporation resulting from the Hawking effect has generated an intense controversy regarding its potential conflict with quantum mechanics' unitary evolution. In a recent couple of works of a collaboration…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-10-01 Sujoy K. Modak , Leonardo Ortíz , Igor Peña , Daniel Sudarsky

To understand the information loss paradox in a consistent way, we provide a brief big picture that describes both outside and inside a black hole. We summary several ideas including the Euclidean path integral, the entanglement entropy,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-12-06 Dong-han Yeom