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Prompt tuning, which only tunes continuous prompts with a frozen language model, substantially reduces per-task storage and memory usage at training. However, in the context of NLU, prior work reveals that prompt tuning does not perform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Xiao Liu , Kaixuan Ji , Yicheng Fu , Weng Lam Tam , Zhengxiao Du , Zhilin Yang , Jie Tang

Speech representations learned from Self-supervised learning (SSL) models can benefit various speech processing tasks. However, utilizing SSL representations usually requires fine-tuning the pre-trained models or designing task-specific…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-12 Kai-Wei Chang , Wei-Cheng Tseng , Shang-Wen Li , Hung-yi Lee

Pre-trained vision-language models are able to interpret visual concepts and language semantics. Prompt learning, a method of constructing prompts for text encoders or image encoders, elicits the potentials of pre-trained models and readily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Zhenhan Huang , Tejaswini Pedapati , Pin-Yu Chen , Jianxi Gao

In computer vision, fine-tuning is the de-facto approach to leverage pre-trained vision models to perform downstream tasks. However, deploying it in practice is quite challenging, due to adopting parameter inefficient global update and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Xing Nie , Bolin Ni , Jianlong Chang , Gaomeng Meng , Chunlei Huo , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Shiming Xiang , Qi Tian , Chunhong Pan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a cornerstone in Natural Language Processing (NLP), achieving impressive performance in text generation. Their token-level representations capture rich, human-aligned semantics. However, pooling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Benedikt Roth , Stephan Rappensperger , Tianming Qiu , Hamza Imamović , Julian Wörmann , Hao Shen

Prompt tuning is a parameter-efficient way to deploy large-scale pre-trained models to downstream tasks by adding task-specific tokens. In terms of vision-language pre-trained (VLP) models, prompt tuning often requires a large number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Qiong Wu , Shubin Huang , Yiyi Zhou , Pingyang Dai , Annan Shu , Guannan Jiang , Rongrong Ji

Recently the prompt-tuning paradigm has attracted significant attention. By only tuning continuous prompts with a frozen pre-trained language model (PLM), prompt-tuning takes a step towards deploying a shared frozen PLM to serve numerous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Shengnan An , Yifei Li , Zeqi Lin , Qian Liu , Bei Chen , Qiang Fu , Weizhu Chen , Nanning Zheng , Jian-Guang Lou

It has been demonstrated that the art of prompt tuning is highly effective in efficiently extracting knowledge from pretrained foundation models, encompassing pretrained language models (PLMs), vision pretrained models, and vision-language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Xianjun Yang , Wei Cheng , Xujiang Zhao , Wenchao Yu , Linda Petzold , Haifeng Chen

Prompt-tuning has emerged as a promising method for adapting pre-trained models to downstream tasks or aligning with human preferences. Prompt learning is widely used in NLP but has limited applicability to RL due to the complex physical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Shengchao Hu , Li Shen , Ya Zhang , Dacheng Tao

Prompt tuning for vision-language models such as CLIP involves optimizing the text prompts used to generate image-text pairs for specific downstream tasks. While hand-crafted or template-based prompts are generally applicable to a wider…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Qian Zhang

Recent advancements in pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have highlighted the significant potential of prompt tuning for adapting these models to a wide range of downstream tasks. However, existing prompt tuning methods typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Xinyang Wang , Yi Yang , Minfeng Zhu , Kecheng Zheng , Shi Liu , Wei Chen

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have achieved remarkable performance for various language understanding tasks in IR systems, which require the fine-tuning process based on labeled training data. For low-resource scenarios, prompt-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Ziyun Xu , Chengyu Wang , Minghui Qiu , Fuli Luo , Runxin Xu , Songfang Huang , Jun Huang

Prompt-based models have gathered a lot of attention from researchers due to their remarkable advancements in the fields of zero-shot and few-shot learning. Developing an effective prompt template plays a critical role. However, prior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Junyu Mao , Stuart E. Middleton , Mahesan Niranjan

Prompt tuning, like CoOp, has recently shown promising vision recognizing and transfer learning ability on various downstream tasks with the emergence of large pre-trained vision-language models like CLIP. However, we identify that existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Yongzhu Miao , Shasha Li , Jintao Tang , Ting Wang

Prompt tuning prepends a soft prompt to the input embeddings or hidden states and only optimizes the prompt to adapt pretrained models (PTMs) to downstream tasks. The previous work manually selects prompt layers which are far from optimal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Wei Zhu , Ming Tan

Recent advances have greatly increased the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), but our understanding of the models and their safety has not progressed as fast. In this paper we aim to understand LLMs deeper by studying their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Justin Lee , Tuomas Oikarinen , Arjun Chatha , Keng-Chi Chang , Yilan Chen , Tsui-Wei Weng

Despite the demonstrated empirical efficacy of prompt tuning to adapt a pretrained language model for a new task, the theoretical underpinnings of the difference between "tuning parameters before the input" against "the tuning of model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Yihan Wang , Jatin Chauhan , Wei Wang , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Tuning pre-trained language models (PLMs) with task-specific prompts has been a promising approach for text classification. Particularly, previous studies suggest that prompt-tuning has remarkable superiority in the low-data scenario over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Shengding Hu , Ning Ding , Huadong Wang , Zhiyuan Liu , Jingang Wang , Juanzi Li , Wei Wu , Maosong Sun

Pretrained language models can be effectively stimulated by textual prompts or demonstrations, especially in low-data scenarios. Recent works have focused on automatically searching discrete or continuous prompts or optimized verbalizers,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Xiaozhuan Liang , Ningyu Zhang , Siyuan Cheng , Zhenru Zhang , Chuanqi Tan , Huajun Chen

Pre-trained language models (PLM) have marked a huge leap in neural dialogue modeling. While PLMs are pre-trained on large-scale text corpora, they are usually fine-tuned on scarce dialogue data with specific domain knowledge and dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Xiaodong Gu , Kang Min Yoo , Sang-Woo Lee