English
Related papers

Related papers: Calibrating the Subjective

200 papers

We consider the problem of reinforcement learning under safety requirements, in which an agent is trained to complete a given task, typically formalized as the maximization of a reward signal over time, while concurrently avoiding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-25 Tu-Hoa Pham , Giovanni De Magistris , Don Joven Agravante , Subhajit Chaudhury , Asim Munawar , Ryuki Tachibana

Robust reinforcement learning (RL) aims to find a policy that optimizes the worst-case performance in the face of uncertainties. In this paper, we focus on action robust RL with the probabilistic policy execution uncertainty, in which,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Guanlin Liu , Zhihan Zhou , Han Liu , Lifeng Lai

Reverse causality is a common causal misperception that distorts the evaluation of private actions and public policies. This paper explores the implications of this error when a decision maker acts on it and therefore affects the very…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2021-10-26 Ran Spiegler

Recent work in AI safety has highlighted that in sequential decision making, objectives are often underspecified or incomplete. This gives discretion to the acting agent to realize the stated objective in ways that may result in undesirable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Parand Alizadeh Alamdari , Toryn Q. Klassen , Rodrigo Toro Icarte , Sheila A. McIlraith

Calibration is a classical notion from the forecasting literature which aims to address the question: how should predicted probabilities be interpreted? In a world where we only get to observe (discrete) outcomes, how should we evaluate a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Parikshit Gopalan , Lunjia Hu

We consider a persuasion problem between a sender and a receiver whose utility may be nonlinear in her belief; we call such receivers risk-conscious. Such utility models arise when the receiver exhibits systematic biases away from…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-07-17 Jerry Anunrojwong , Krishnamurthy Iyer , David Lingenbrink

We present a cognitive model of opinion dynamics which studies the behavior of a population of interacting individuals in the context of risk of natural disaster. In particular, we investigate the response of the individuals to the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-11-16 Daniele Vilone , Francesca Giardini , Mario Paolucci , Rosaria Conte

On a capital market the social group is formed from traders. Individual behaviour of agents is influenced by the need to associate with other agents and to obtain the approval of other agents in the group. Making decisions an individual…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-08-19 Ondrej Hudak , Jana Tothova

We propose a generalization of Quantal Response Equilibrium (QRE) built on a simple premise: some actions are more focal than others. In our model, which we call the Focal Quantal Response Equilibrium (Focal QRE), each player plays a…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-05-26 Matthew Kovach , Gerelt Tserenjigmid

In the gambling foundation of probability theory, rationality requires that a subject should always (never) find desirable all nonnegative (negative) gambles, because no matter the result of the experiment the subject never (always)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-11-21 Alessio Benavoli , Alessandro Facchini , Dario Piga , Marco Zaffalon

We derive a family of risk-sensitive reinforcement learning methods for agents, who face sequential decision-making tasks in uncertain environments. By applying a utility function to the temporal difference (TD) error, nonlinear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-10-10 Yun Shen , Michael J. Tobia , Tobias Sommer , Klaus Obermayer

Blackwell approachability, regret minimization and calibration are three criteria evaluating a strategy (or an algorithm) in different sequential decision problems, or repeated games between a player and Nature. Although they have at first…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-01-15 Vianney Perchet

The article's aim is to provide a solution to the equity premium puzzle with a derived model. The derived model which depends on Consumption Capital Asset Pricing Model gives a solution to the puzzle with the values of coefficient of…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-04-03 Atilla Aras

A central prediction of the accompanying theoretical framework is that metacognitive calibration can vary even when content-level performance is held approximately fixed, depending on whether support structure is preserved in a globally…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-02 Mark Walsh

In this paper, we consider a risk-averse multi-armed bandit (MAB) problem where the goal is to learn a policy that minimizes the risk of low expected return, as opposed to maximizing the expected return itself, which is the objective in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Yi Shen , Jessilyn Dunn , Michael M. Zavlanos

In this paper, we consider one aspect of the problem of applying decision theory to the design of agents that learn how to make decisions under uncertainty. This aspect concerns how an agent can estimate probabilities for the possible…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-26 Adam J. Grove , Daphne Koller

We provide sufficient conditions for semi-nonparametric point identification of a mixture model of decision making under risk, when agents make choices in multiple lines of insurance coverage (contexts) by purchasing a bundle. As a first…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-07-19 Levon Barseghyan , Francesca Molinari

A probabilistic model is said to be calibrated if its predicted probabilities match the corresponding empirical frequencies. Calibration is important for uncertainty quantification and decision making in safety-critical applications. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Anusri Pampari , Stefano Ermon

In safety-critical applications a probabilistic model is usually required to be calibrated, i.e., to capture the uncertainty of its predictions accurately. In multi-class classification, calibration of the most confident predictions only is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-30 David Widmann , Fredrik Lindsten , Dave Zachariah

Reinforcement learning (RL) in real-world safety-critical target settings like urban driving is hazardous, imperiling the RL agent, other agents, and the environment. To overcome this difficulty, we propose a "safety-critical adaptation"…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Jesse Zhang , Brian Cheung , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine , Dinesh Jayaraman