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With the growing interest in foundation models for brain signals, graph-based pretraining has emerged as a promising paradigm for learning transferable representations from connectome data. However, existing contrastive and masked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xinxu Wei , Rong Zhou , Lifang He , Yu Zhang

The prevailing method for neural speech enhancement predominantly utilizes fully-supervised deep learning with simulated pairs of far-field noisy-reverberant speech and clean speech. Nonetheless, these models frequently demonstrate…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-16 Tong Lei , Qinwen Hu , Ziyao Lin , Andong Li , Rilin Chen , Meng Yu , Dong Yu , Jing Lu

Deep Gaussian processes (DGPs) enable expressive hierarchical Bayesian modeling but pose substantial challenges for posterior inference, especially over inducing variables. Denoising diffusion variational inference (DDVI) addresses this by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jian Xu , Qibin Zhao , John Paisley , Delu Zeng

This work presents a forward-only diffusion (FoD) approach for generative modelling. In contrast to traditional diffusion models that rely on a coupled forward-backward diffusion scheme, FoD directly learns data generation through a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Ziwei Luo , Fredrik K. Gustafsson , Jens Sjölund , Thomas B. Schön

Score-based generative models (SGMs) have recently emerged as a promising class of generative models. However, a fundamental limitation is that their inference is very slow due to a need for many (e.g., 2000) iterations of sequential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Hengyuan Ma , Li Zhang , Xiatian Zhu , Jianfeng Feng

Accurate forecasting of spatiotemporal data remains challenging due to complex spatial dependencies and temporal dynamics. The inherent uncertainty and variability in such data often render deterministic models insufficient, prompting a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Mingze Gong , Lei Chen , Jia Li

Modeling the dynamics from sparsely time-resolved snapshot data is crucial for understanding complex cellular processes and behavior. Existing methods leverage optimal transport, Schr\"odinger bridge theory, or their variants to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Zhenyi Zhang , Zihan Wang , Yuhao Sun , Tiejun Li , Peijie Zhou

Diffusion-based generative models (DBGMs) perturb data to a target noise distribution and reverse this process to generate samples. The choice of noising process, or inference diffusion process, affects both likelihoods and sample quality.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Raghav Singhal , Mark Goldstein , Rajesh Ranganath

We present Schr\"odinger Bridge Mamba (SBM), a novel model for efficient speech enhancement by integrating the Schr\"odinger Bridge (SB) training paradigm and the Mamba architecture. Experiments of joint denoising and dereverberation tasks…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Jing Yang , Sirui Wang , Chao Wu , Lei Guo , Fan Fan

We present a novel framework for CBCT-to-MDCT translation, grounded in the Schrodinger Bridge (SB) formulation, which integrates GAN-derived priors with human-guided conditional diffusion. Unlike conventional GANs or diffusion models, our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Sung Ho Kang , Hyun-Cheol Park

Graph structures offer a versatile framework for representing diverse patterns in nature and complex systems, applicable across domains like molecular chemistry, social networks, and transportation systems. While diffusion models have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Adrien Carrel

Diffusion models are often introduced from multiple perspectives, such as VAEs, score matching, or flow matching, accompanied by dense and technically demanding mathematics that can be difficult for beginners to grasp. One classic question…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Candi Zheng , Yuan Lan

We study the problem of unbiased estimation of expectations with respect to (w.r.t.) $\pi$ a given, general probability measure on $(\mathbb{R}^d,\mathcal{B}(\mathbb{R}^d))$ that is absolutely continuous with respect to a standard Gaussian…

Computation · Statistics 2022-10-26 Hamza Ruzayqat , Alexandros Beskos , Dan Crisan , Ajay Jasra , Nikolas Kantas

Sampling from unnormalized densities using diffusion models has emerged as a powerful paradigm. However, while recent approaches that use least-squares `matching' objectives have improved scalability, they often necessitate significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Denis Blessing , Lorenz Richter , Julius Berner , Egor Malitskiy , Gerhard Neumann

Score-based generative models (SGMs) have demonstrated remarkable synthesis quality. SGMs rely on a diffusion process that gradually perturbs the data towards a tractable distribution, while the generative model learns to denoise. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-28 Tim Dockhorn , Arash Vahdat , Karsten Kreis

Diffusion-based planners have shown strong potential for autonomous driving by capturing multi-modal driving behaviors. A key challenge is how to effectively guide these models for safe and reactive planning in closed-loop settings, where…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Shu Liu , Wenlin Chen , Weihao Li , Zheng Wang , Lijin Yang , Jianing Huang , Yipin Zhang , Zhongzhan Huang , Ze Cheng , Hao Yang

Simulation of conditioned diffusion processes is an essential tool in inference for stochastic processes, data imputation, generative modelling, and geometric statistics. Whilst simulating diffusion bridge processes is already difficult on…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-24 Erlend Grong , Karen Habermann , Stefan Sommer

Inference-time alignment for diffusion models aims to adapt a pre-trained reference diffusion model toward a target distribution without retraining the reference score network, thereby preserving the generative capacity of the reference…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-05 Jinyuan Chang , Chenguang Duan , Yuling Jiao , Yi Xu , Jerry Zhijian Yang

Common image-to-image translation methods rely on joint training over data from both source and target domains. The training process requires concurrent access to both datasets, which hinders data separation and privacy protection; and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Xuan Su , Jiaming Song , Chenlin Meng , Stefano Ermon

Beam alignment is a key challenge in directional mmWave and THz systems, where narrow beams require accurate yet low-overhead training. Existing learning-based approaches typically predict a single beam and do not quantify uncertainty,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Esraa Fahmy Othman , Lina Bariah , Merouane Debbah
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