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In this paper, we propose a deterministic diffusion-based framework for controlling the probability density of nonlinear control-affine systems, with theoretical guarantees for drift-free and linear time-invariant (LTI) dynamics. The…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-12 Karthik Elamvazhuthi , Darshan Gadginmath , Fabio Pasqualetti

The rapid adoption of text-to-image diffusion models in society underscores an urgent need to address their biases. Without interventions, these biases could propagate a skewed worldview and restrict opportunities for minority groups. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Xudong Shen , Chao Du , Tianyu Pang , Min Lin , Yongkang Wong , Mohan Kankanhalli

The Bass diffusion equation is a well-known and established modeling approach for describing new product adoption in a competitive market. This model also describes diffusion phenomena in various contexts: infectious disease spread modeling…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-04-25 Gabriel Nicolosi , Christopher Griffin

Diffusion models have established new state of the art in a multitude of computer vision tasks, including image restoration. Diffusion-based inverse problem solvers generate reconstructions of exceptional visual quality from heavily…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-21 Zalan Fabian , Berk Tinaz , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

Diffusion Models represent a significant advancement in generative modeling, employing a dual-phase process that first degrades domain-specific information via Gaussian noise and restores it through a trainable model. This framework enables…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Benedikt Hartl , Yanbo Zhang , Hananel Hazan , Michael Levin

Temporal data such as time series can be viewed as discretized measurements of the underlying function. To build a generative model for such data we have to model the stochastic process that governs it. We propose a solution by defining the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Marin Biloš , Kashif Rasul , Anderson Schneider , Yuriy Nevmyvaka , Stephan Günnemann

Analyzing and controlling system entropy is a powerful tool for regulating predictability of control systems. Applications benefiting from such approaches range from reinforcement learning and data security to human-robot collaboration. In…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-06 Menno van Zutphen , Giannis Delimpaltadakis , Duarte J. Antunes

This paper addresses the problem of generating dynamically admissible trajectories for control tasks using diffusion models, particularly in scenarios where the environment is complex and system dynamics are crucial for practical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Darshan Gadginmath , Fabio Pasqualetti

We consider a classical stochastic control problem in which a diffusion process is controlled by a withdrawal process up to a termination time. The objective is to maximize the expected discounted value of the withdrawals until the…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-06-19 Hélène Guérin , Dante Mata , Jean-François Renaud , Alexandre Roch

Model-based reinforcement learning methods often use learning only for the purpose of estimating an approximate dynamics model, offloading the rest of the decision-making work to classical trajectory optimizers. While conceptually simple,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Michael Janner , Yilun Du , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Sergey Levine

Diffusion models have shown a great ability at bridging the performance gap between predictive and generative approaches for speech enhancement. We have shown that they may even outperform their predictive counterparts for non-additive…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-13 Jean-Marie Lemercier , Julius Richter , Simon Welker , Timo Gerkmann

Diffusion policies, widely adopted in decision-making scenarios such as robotics, gaming and autonomous driving, are capable of learning diverse skills from demonstration data due to their high representation power. However, the sub-optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ningyuan Yang , Jiaxuan Gao , Feng Gao , Yi Wu , Chao Yu

We present a novel simulation-free framework for training continuous-time diffusion processes over very general objective functions. Existing methods typically involve either prescribing the optimal diffusion process -- which only works for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Mengjian Hua , Eric Vanden-Eijnden , Ricky T. Q. Chen

Text-to-image diffusion models can generate diverse content with flexible prompts, which makes them well-suited for customization through fine-tuning with a small amount of user-provided data. However, controllable fine-tuning that prevents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Ziyao Zeng , Jingcheng Ni , Ruyi Liu , Alex Wong

Consider a set of discounted optimal stopping problems for a one-parameter family of objective functions and a fixed diffusion process, started at a fixed point. A standard problem in stochastic control/optimal stopping is to solve for the…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-05-04 David Hobson , Martin Klimmek

Inverse problems aim to determine parameters from observations, a crucial task in engineering and science. Lately, generative models, especially diffusion models, have gained popularity in this area for their ability to produce realistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Gabriel della Maggiora , Luis Alberto Croquevielle , Nikita Deshpande , Harry Horsley , Thomas Heinis , Artur Yakimovich

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in generative modeling. Despite more stable training, the loss of diffusion models is not indicative of absolute data-fitting quality, since its optimal value is typically not zero but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yixian Xu , Shengjie Luo , Liwei Wang , Di He , Chang Liu

Diffusion models have emerged as the leading paradigm in generative modeling, excelling in various applications. Despite their success, these models often misalign with human intentions and generate results with undesired properties or even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Buhua Liu , Shitong Shao , Bao Li , Lichen Bai , Zhiqiang Xu , Haoyi Xiong , James Kwok , Sumi Helal , Zeke Xie

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) has become a crucial step for aligning pretrained large language models (LLMs) using supervised datasets of input-output pairs. However, despite being supervised, SFT is inherently limited by its generative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Siqi Guo , Ilgee Hong , Vicente Balmaseda , Changlong Yu , Liang Qiu , Xin Liu , Haoming Jiang , Tuo Zhao , Tianbao Yang

Many approaches to modelling reaction-diffusion systems with anomalous transport rely on deterministic equations and ignore fluctuations arising due to finite particle numbers. Starting from an individual-based model we use a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-05-29 Joseph W. Baron , Tobias Galla
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